FloraOfNewZealand-Ferns-10-BrownseyPerrie-2015-...
The family Salviniaceae is represented in New Zealand by two genera, Azolla and Salvinia. Azolla has one indigenous and one naturalised species, whilst Salvinia is represented by a single species which has been declared a noxious weed. Azolla rubra is indigenous, occurring in slow-moving streams and ponds throughout the North Island and the eastern half of the South Island. Azolla pinnata was first recorded in 1969, and is largely confined to the northern North Island, but is now spreading southwards, and has replaced A. rubra in some parts of Northland. Salvinia ×molesta is an extremely aggressive weed of lakes and ponds in Northland and Auckland. Both genera are free-floating, aquatic ferns with highly modified leaves adapted for flotation; they are characteristically heterosporous, producing mega- and microsporangia in hardened sporocarps. Azolla has small leaves and forms red carpets of growth on the water surface. Salvinia has dimorphic leaves arranged in whorls of three, with characteristic egg-whisk-shaped hairs on the floating leaves for buoyancy.
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