FloraOfNewZealand-Ferns-21-BrownseyPerrie-2018-...
The large and widespread family Selaginellaceae includes one genus, Selaginella, and 750 species. It is mainly tropical but extends to temperate regions of both hemispheres. However, Selaginella is not indigenous to New Zealand and is represented only by three naturalised or casual species. Selaginella kraussiana was first recorded from the wild in the Bay of Islands in 1919 and has since spread throughout most of the country along river banks and in damp shady places, where it replaces bryophytes and small vascular plants. Selaginella martensii and S. moellendorffii are both occasional escapees from cultivation in northern New Zealand, from Whangārei to Hamilton. All species of Selaginella can be recognised by their small, delicate, ligulate leaves with single unbranched veins. Selaginella kraussiana and S. martensii have prostrate, creeping and irregularly branching stems, whereas S. moellendorffii has an erect stem with a frond-like branching system.
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