FloraOfNewZealand-Ferns-16-2-BrownseyPerrie-202...
The large family Thelypteridaceae is represented in New Zealand by five indigenous genera (Christella, Cyclosorus, Macrothelypteris, Pakau and Thelypteris) with five non-endemic species, and one naturalised genus (Pseudophegopteris) with one casual species. Four of the indigenous species have rather localised distributions confined to the northern part of the North Island, with two extending also to the Kermadec Islands. The fifth species, Pakau pennigera, is widely distributed throughout the North Island, much of the South Island and on the Chatham Islands. All members of the family in New Zealand are terrestrial ferns with pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid fronds (except for Macrothelypteris, which is more divided), and they bear a variety of hairs, glands and scales. The veins are mostly free, except that the basal veins of the pinna lobes often unite below the sinus in a characteristic pattern, and the sori are round and protected by reniform indusia, except in Pakau pennigera and Pseudophegopteris aurita, which are exindusiate.
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