{"help": "https://datastore.landcareresearch.co.nz/sq/api/3/action/help_show?name=datastore_search", "success": true, "result": {"include_total": true, "limit": 100, "records_format": "objects", "resource_id": "927d80af-bd27-402e-a870-05c2abcf449d", "total_estimation_threshold": null, "records": [{"_id":1,"Name":"Penicillium allii","Year named":1989,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen, garlic, onion, but not on ornamental bulbs, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2006.01411.x; https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; Valdez et al garlic pathogen Argentina https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01960.x","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ +","GenBank ex NZ":"btub, unpublished from MPI","Name2":"Penicillium allii Vincent & Pitt, Mycologia 81: 300. 1989. [MB125498]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. Reproduction: asexual. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AJ005484 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674331; CaM = KU896820; RPB2 = KU904345). ","Notes":""},{"_id":2,"Name":"Penicillium gladioli","Year named":1928,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"plant path","Ecology 2021":"Houbracken 2020 - Series Gladioli is associated with gladiolus bulb rot (Frisvad & Samson 2004b, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf). P. gladioli only. Dugan regards as taxonomically uncertain, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxin  https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium gladioli L. McCulloch & Thom, Science 67: 217. 1928. [MB266048]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Gladioli. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF033480 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674287; CaM = KU896837; RPB2 = MN969118). ","Notes":""},{"_id":3,"Name":"Penicillium polonicum","Year named":1927,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen garlic, onion, minor disease on beets, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, garlic, onion; https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxins https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; cereal spoilage, toxins, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8; toxin in spoiled food,  10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium polonicum K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 445. 1927. [MB274889]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF033475 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969392; CaM = KU896848; RPB2 = JN406609). ","Notes":"aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"},{"_id":4,"Name":"Penicillium digitatum ","Year named":1881,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"plant path; Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"rot in Citrus, Houbracken 2020; citrus, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; apples, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; citrus green mould, Holmes et al. 1994","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; exotic +","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc., Fung. Ital. Autogr. Delin.: tab. 894. 1881. Basionym: Aspergillus digitatus Pers., Disp. meth. Fung.: 41. 1794 ≡ Monilia digitata Pers., Syn. Meth. Fung.: 693. 1801. [nom. sanct., Fr., Syst. Mycol. 3: 411. 1832]. [MB169502]. — Neotype: Saccardo, Fung. Ital. Autogr. Delin.: tab. 894. 1881 (lectotype); CBS 112082 (epitype, in Frisvad & Samson 2004b). Ex-type: CBS 112082 = IBT 13068. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Digitata. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: KJ834506 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834447; CaM = KU896833; RPB2 = JN121426). ","Notes":""},{"_id":5,"Name":"Penicillium expansum ","Year named":1809,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"plant path; Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen, bulbs, apple, beets https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; mycotoxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; apples, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294; pathogen garlic, onion, tulip, iris, Dugan 2017; apples Louw MSc","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; exotic +","GenBank ex NZ":"ITS MW862779 (ICMP 2708, ex rotten apple); btub unpublished ex MPI","Name2":"Penicillium expansum Link, Mag. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 16. 1809. [MB159382]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Penicillium. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AY373912 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674400; CaM = DQ911134; RPB2 = JF417427). ","Notes":""},{"_id":6,"Name":"Penicillium italicum","Year named":1894,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"plant path; Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"plant path, rot in Citrus, Houbracken 2020; toxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; citrus https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; toxin, Frisvad 1989; citrus blue mould Holmes et al. 1994; citrus Louw MSc","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; exotic +","GenBank ex NZ":"ITS KJ775641, btub KJ775134","Name2":"Penicillium italicum Wehmer, Hedwigia 33: 211. 1894. [MB162660]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Italica. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: KJ834509 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674398; CaM = DQ911135; RPB2 = JN121496). ","Notes":""},{"_id":7,"Name":"Penicillium tulipae","Year named":2003,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen; toxin - MPI regard as present in NZ; assoc with mouldy bulbs, DOI: 10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.4.176; toxin noted in protologue https://doi.org/10.1078/072320203770865945; Sect Corymbifera, see Notes; toxins ['tremorgin, acutely toxic'] https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; bulb pathogen, Overy & Frisvad 2003","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; exotic","GenBank ex NZ":"btub, unpublished from MPI","Name2":"Penicillium tulipae Overy & Frisvad, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 26: 634. 2003. [MB488954]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: KJ834519 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969404; CaM = MN969305; RPB2 = MN969141). ","Notes":""},{"_id":8,"Name":"Penicillium aurantiogriseum ","Year named":1901,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen beets and possibly bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, pathogenicity to bulbs not proven, but regard P. cellarum as a pathogen of beets [Strausberg & Dugan 2017 discuss morphological differences to P. aurantiogriseum], but phylogentically P. cellarum matches P. aurantiogriseum - GenBank KM249108 btub ex type, identical or 1 bp different to aurantiogriseum isolates in GenBank]; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; cereal spoilage mould https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8, Lund & Frisvad 1994; toxin, Frisvad 1989","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB247956]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF033476 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969372; CaM = KU896822; RPB2 = JN406573). ","Notes":"species complex; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"},{"_id":9,"Name":"Penicillium brevicompactum ","Year named":1901,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"toxic, mushrooms, processed foods, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; coffee endophyte, Peterson et al. Mycologia 97(3): 662 (2005); toxin Frisvad 1989; reported as ginger pathogen but ID uncertain, 10.5248/134.197; on pears https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0710-RE; pears Louw MSc; grapes Pitt & Hosking 2009","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"ITS KJ775605; btub KJ775098","Name2":"Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB149773]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Brevicompacta. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AY484912 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674437; CaM = AY484813; RPB2 = JN406594). ","Notes":""},{"_id":10,"Name":"Penicillium citrinum","Year named":1910,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"post-harvest decay, https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/39565; possible bulb pathogen, but non-molecular ID, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxicity rare, doi: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2017.05.003; v widespread on all sorts of substrtaes, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-010-0047-z; animal toxin, DOI: 10.1139/m76-038","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium citrinum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 61. 1910. [MB165293]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF033422 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944545; CaM = MN969245; RPB2 = JF417416). ","Notes":""},{"_id":11,"Name":"Penicillium commune ","Year named":1910,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"animal path (opportunistic)","Ecology 2021":"Toxin, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopiazonic_acid; Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; food spoilage https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxin in spoiled food,  10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025; apple blue mould http://treefruit.wsu.edu/crop-protection/disease-management/blue-mold/","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"ITS KJ775611, btub KJ775104","Name2":"Penicillium commune Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 56. 1910. [MB164241]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AY213672 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969377; CaM = KU896829; RPB2 = KU904350). ","Notes":""},{"_id":12,"Name":"Penicillium crustosum ","Year named":1930,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, pathogen of onions but not other bulbs; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; various crops apples, pears, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; animal pathogen, PMCID: PMC187226 as P. terrestre; toxin, Frasvad 1989; toxin in spoiled food,  10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025; pathogen onion and Iris, Dugan et al. 2017; on apples https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0710-RE","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"ITS KJ775628; btub KJ775121","Name2":"Penicillium crustosum Thom, The Penicillia: 399. 1930. [MB262401]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF033472 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969379; CaM = DQ911132; RPB2 = MN969114). ","Notes":""},{"_id":13,"Name":"Penicillium cyclopium ","Year named":1911,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"pathogen of beets, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, but morphological ID only; nontoxic?; toxin, food spoilage, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; rotten fruit, protologue; toxins, cereal spoilage, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8; animal toxin DOI: 10.1139/m76-038; toxin, Frisvad 1989; minor importance as beet pathogen, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; Louw MSc doubts records as pathogen of grape","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium cyclopium Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 90. 1911. [MB156739]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: JN097811 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969380; CaM = KU896832; RPB2 = JN985388). ","Notes":"aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"},{"_id":14,"Name":"Penicillium glabrum ","Year named":1911,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"bulb pathogen on garlic, onion, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; soil and litter doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; food spoilage, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin in spoiled food, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025; pomegranate fruit rot, https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-12-1347A","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"ITS KJ775635, btub KJ775128","Name2":"Penicillium glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 131. 1911. [MB120545]. Basionym: Citromyces glaber Wehmer, Beitr. Einh. Pilze 1: 24. 1893. [MB178959]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: GU981567 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981619; CaM = KM089152; RPB2 = JF417447). ","Notes":"part of P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; "},{"_id":15,"Name":"Penicillium griseofulvum ","Year named":1901,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"toxin; on cereal and seeds, Houbracken 2020; toxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopiazonic_acid; dried foods, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294; apple post harvet rot https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-2347-x","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium griseofulvum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB120566]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Urticicola. ","DNA":"ITS bar- code: AF033468 (alternative markers: BenA = JF909942; CaM = KT900574; RPB2 = JN121449). ","Notes":""},{"_id":16,"Name":"Penicillium oxalicum","Year named":1915,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"pathogen, cucumber, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; animal toxin, DOI: 10.1139/m76-038; pathogen of Ipomoea and Dioscorea, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium oxalicum Currie & Thom, J. Biol. Chem. 22: 289. 1915. [MB121033]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Oxalica. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF033438 (alter- native markers: BenA = KF296462; CaM = MN969283; RPB2 = JN121456). ","Notes":""},{"_id":17,"Name":"Penicillium vulpinum","Year named":1986,"Pennycook 2003":"present in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"beet path, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; beet pathogen, 10.1094/https://doi.org/PDIS-03-17-0410-RE; toxins, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"present in NZ; origin uncertain +","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium vulpinum (Cooke & Massee) Seifert & Samson, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 144. 1986 [1985]. [MB114763]. Basionym: Coremium vulpinum Cooke & Massee, Grevillea 16: 81. 1888. [MB183683]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Claviformia. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF506012 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834501; CaM = KU896857; RPB2 = KU904367). ","Notes":""},{"_id":18,"Name":"Penicillium ulaiense","Year named":1987,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen; toxin - whisker mould citrus; less pathogenic than P. italicum and P. digitatum, Holmes et al. 1994; DOI: 10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.4.176; toxin production mentioned in protolgue https://doi.org/10.1078/072320203770865945; citrus, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; less pathogenic than P. italicum and P. digitatum, Holmes et al. 1994; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium_ulaiense note as present in New Zealand, but cannot find authoritative source for this [PRJ, May 2021]","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"occurence uncertain","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium ulaiense H.M. Hsieh et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Rep. China 2: 161. 1987. [MB126489]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Italica. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: KC411695 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674408; CaM = KU896854; RPB2 = KU904365). ","Notes":"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium_ulaiense note as present in NZ]"},{"_id":19,"Name":"Penicillium albocoremium","Year named":2000,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen, DOI: 10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.4.176; on onion, gladiolus, other bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; possible bulb pathogen, toxins Overy & Frisvad 2003; pathogen of Allium, Iris, tulip Dugan et al. 2017; toxins, Frisvad et al. 2004","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium albocoremium (Frisvad) Frisvad, Int. Mod. Tax. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 275. 2000. [MB459817]. Basionym: Penicillium hirsutum var. albocoremium Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 856. 1990. [MB126411]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AJ004819 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896812; CaM = KU896819; RPB2 = KU904344).  ","Notes":""},{"_id":20,"Name":"Penicillium brasilianum ","Year named":1957,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"mild pathogen onions, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxin, Frisvad 1989","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium brasilianum Bat., Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 15: 162. 1957. [MB302381]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: GU981577 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981629; CaM = MN969239; RPB2 = KF296420). ","Notes":""},{"_id":21,"Name":"Penicillium carneum ","Year named":1996,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"apple pathogen Louw MSc; toxin [incl Penitrems, acutely toxic], https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; spoilage of meat, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294; ","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium carneum (Frisvad) Frisvad, Microbiology 142: 546. 1996. [MB415652]. Basionym: Penicillium roqueforti var. carneum Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 858. 1990. [MB126415]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Roquefortorum, ser. Roquefortorum. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: HQ442338 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674386; CaM = HQ442322; RPB2 = JN406642). ","Notes":""},{"_id":22,"Name":"Penicillium freii","Year named":2004,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"cereal mould, protologue; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxins, cereal spoilage, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium freii Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 28. 2004. [MB369274]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: MN431389 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896813; CaM = KU896836; RPB2 = KU904353). ","Notes":"aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"},{"_id":23,"Name":"Penicillium georgiense ","Year named":2009,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"protologue, Aspergillus head; onion pathogen, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197 [Pathogenic on onion, moderately aggressive (lesions ~4-5mm at 10 days) (Oh & al. 2015: morpho-\ncultural, β-tubulin DNA sequences]","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium georgiense S.W. Peterson & B.W. Horn, Mycologia 101: 79. 2009. [MB509290]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ramigena, ser. Georgiensia. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: EF422852 (alternative markers: BenA = EF506223; CaM = EF506239; RPB2 = KM089734). ","Notes":""},{"_id":24,"Name":"Penicillium hermansii","Year named":2018,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"mushroom pathogen, smoky mould, mushroom compost, protologue, reports of other species associated with this disease probably incorrect, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1407-4","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium hermansii Houbraken et al., Mycol. Prog. 18: 232. 2018. [MB823949]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: MG333472 (alternative markers: BenA = MG386214; CaM = MG386229; RPB2 = MG386242). ","Notes":""},{"_id":25,"Name":"Penicillium hirsutum","Year named":1901,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"plant path; Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxin, Frisvad 1989 [Pathogenic on crocus, garlic, onion, tulip, moderately pathogenic on gladiolus and iris]","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium hirsutum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 89. 1901. [MB152720]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AY373918 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969384; CaM = KU896840; RPB2 = JN406629). ","Notes":""},{"_id":26,"Name":"Penicillium hordei ","Year named":1969,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Plant pathogen; Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen on tulip, nonpathogenic on onion, garlic, gladiolus (Btub ID), https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium hordei Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 270. 1969. [MB335734]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: MN431391 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969385; CaM = KU896841; RPB2 = KU904355). ","Notes":""},{"_id":27,"Name":"Penicillium mali-pumilae","Year named":2019,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"pathogen?; rotten apple and lily bulb, protologue; [Series Corymbifera, possible bulb associate, see Notes], no path tests","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium mali-pumilae Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 101. 2019. [MB555410]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: KP900991 (alternative markers: BenA = MT425584; CaM = KP900992; RPB2 = MN969213). ","Notes":""},{"_id":28,"Name":"Penicillium olsonii","Year named":1912,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"high altitude tropics, glasshouses on tomato, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; pathogen in glasshouses, schimmel-schimmelpilze.de/penicillium-olsonii.html; herbicidal and Allelochemical compounds http://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium olsonii Bainier & Sartory, Ann. Mycol. 10: 398. 1912. [MB121021]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Olsoniorum. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: EU587341 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674445; CaM = DQ658165; RPB2 = JN121464). ","Notes":""},{"_id":29,"Name":"Penicillium paraherquei","Year named":1963,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"bulb pathogen on garlic, onion, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; path garlic and onion Dugan et al. 2017","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium paraherquei S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB302412]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF178511 (alternative markers: BenA = KF296465; CaM = MN969285; RPB2 = KF296449). ","Notes":""},{"_id":30,"Name":"Penicillium radicicola","Year named":2003,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen on garlic, tulip, iris. Dugan & Starusberg 2019, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; mycotoxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxins https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; pathogen onion, garlic, Dugan 2017; phylogentically very close to P. tulipae; although protologue mentions mycotoxin production rather than bulb pathogen, the other species in the paper with protologue associated with mouldy bulbs elsewhere","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium radicicola Overy & Frisvad, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 26: 633. 2003. [MB488233]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: KJ834516 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969393; CaM = MN969290; RPB2 = MN969133). ","Notes":""},{"_id":31,"Name":"Penicillium sclerotigenum","Year named":1955,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"possible plant path, yams, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdftoxins, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf, but see 10.5248/134.197","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium sclerotigenum W. Yamam., Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ Agric. 1: 69. 1955. [MB302424]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Sclerotigena. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AF033470 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674393; CaM = KU896850; RPB2 = JN406652). ","Notes":""},{"_id":32,"Name":"Penicillium solitum","Year named":1911,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"pathogen, apples; Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; apples, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxin in spoiled food,  10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025; less pathogenic on apples than P. expansum, Pitt et al. 1991; on pears, https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0710-RE; apples and pears Louw MSc","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium solitum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 65. 1911. [MB206172]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AY373932 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969398; CaM = KU896851; RPB2 = KU904363). ","Notes":""},{"_id":33,"Name":"Penicillium sumatraense","Year named":1936,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"pathogen; Houbracken - been reported to produce a blue mould rot of Vitis vinifera and the mushroom Sparassis crispa (Mahdian & Zafari 2016, Liu et al. 2018b), but based on GenBank records has been isolated from a wide range of substrates","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium sumatraense [as “sumatrense”] Szilvinyi, Archiv. Hydrobiol.14 Suppl. 6: 535. 1936. [MB319297]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Sumatraensia. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: GU944578 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606639; CaM = MN969301; RPB2 = EF198541). ","Notes":""},{"_id":34,"Name":"Penicillium venetum","Year named":2000,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"plant pathogen, bulb and possibly horseradish (as P. hirsutum var. venetum) https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; Iris, toxins but rare in food, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium venetum (Frisvad) Frisvad, Int. Mod. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 275. 2000. [MB459816]. Basionym: Penicillium hirsutum var. venetum Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 856. 1990. [MB126414]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AJ005485 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674335; CaM = KU896855; RPB2 = KU904366). ","Notes":""},{"_id":35,"Name":"Penicillium verrucosum","Year named":1901,"Pennycook 2003":"unrecorded in NZ","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"Animal path (toxin)","Ecology 2021":"apple blue mould http://treefruit.wsu.edu/crop-protection/disease-management/blue-mold/; mycotoxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin, Frisvad 1989","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"unrecorded in NZ","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"Penicillium verrucosum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB212252]. ","Classification":"Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Verrucosa. ","DNA":"ITS barcode: AY373938 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969405; CaM = DQ911138; RPB2 = JN121539). ","Notes":""},{"_id":36,"Name":"","Year named":null,"Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology Pennycook 2003":"","Ecology 2021":"","Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)":"","GenBank ex NZ":"","Name2":"","Classification":"","DNA":"","Notes":""}], "fields": [{"id": "_id", "type": "int"}, {"id": "Name", "type": "text"}, {"id": "Year named", "type": "numeric"}, {"id": "Pennycook 2003", "type": "text"}, {"id": "Ecology Pennycook 2003", "type": "text"}, {"id": "Ecology 2021", "type": "text"}, {"id": "Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)", "type": "text"}, {"id": "GenBank ex NZ", "type": "text"}, {"id": "Name2", "type": "text"}, {"id": "Classification", "type": "text"}, {"id": "DNA", "type": "text"}, {"id": "Notes", "type": "text"}], "_links": {"start": "/api/3/action/datastore_search?resource_id=927d80af-bd27-402e-a870-05c2abcf449d", "next": "/api/3/action/datastore_search?resource_id=927d80af-bd27-402e-a870-05c2abcf449d&offset=100"}, "total": 36, "total_was_estimated": false}}