FloraOfNewZealand-Ferns-8-BrownseyPerrie-2015-M...
The family Marsileaceae is represented in New Zealand by one native and one naturalised genus, each with a single species. Pilularia novae-hollandiae is an indigenous species which grows submerged in or around lakes in both the North and South Islands. Marsilea mutica is an Australian and New Caledonian species commonly grown in aquaria and garden ponds, which has become temporarily established in a few localities, mainly in the North Island. Both genera are rooted, aquatic ferns with long-creeping rhizomes; they are characteristically heterosporous, producing mega- and microsporangia in hardened sporocarps. The plants are highly modified for their aquatic habitat, and are morphologically very different to most terrestrial ferns. Marsilea has four-lobed leaves that float on the surface of the water, whereas Pilularia lacks lamina segments and is recognisable as a fern only by its coiled young leaves.
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