{ "fields": [{"id":"_id","type":"int"},{"id":"Name","type":"text"},{"id":"Year named","type":"numeric"},{"id":"Pennycook 2003","type":"text"},{"id":"Ecology Pennycook 2003","type":"text"},{"id":"Ecology 2021","type":"text"},{"id":"Biostatus NZFungi 2021 (+ = ICMP cultures available)","type":"text"},{"id":"GenBank ex NZ","type":"text"},{"id":"Name2","type":"text"},{"id":"Classification","type":"text"},{"id":"DNA","type":"text"},{"id":"Notes","type":"text"}], "records": [ [1,"Penicillium abidjanum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium abidjanum Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34: 49. 1968. [MB335705]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: GU981582 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981650; CaM = MN969234; RPB2 = JN121469). ",""], [2,"Penicillium acidum",2018,"","","aquatic plant debris, protologue; produces strong acid on CREA","","","Penicillium acidum Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 89: 173. 2018. [MB822167]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: KY587441 (alternative markers: BenA = KY587439; CaM = KY587442; RPB2 = KY587446). ",""], [3,"Penicillium adametzii",1927,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium adametzii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat., 1927: 507. 1927. [MB119777]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: JN714929 (alternative markers: BenA = JN625957; CaM = KC773796; RPB2 = JN121455). ",""], [4,"Penicillium adametzioides",1963,"unrecorded in NZ","","?","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium adametzioides S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB302372]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: JN686433 (alternative markers: BenA = JN799642; CaM = JN686387; RPB2 = JN406578).",""], [5,"Penicillium aeris",2016,"","","air sample, protologue; BenA needed for ID","","","Penicillium aeris Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 139. 2016. [MB808262]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303654 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303614; CaM = KF303627; RPB2 = KF303681). ",""], [6,"Penicillium alagoense",2019,"","","leaf endophyte","","","Penicillium alagoense L.O. Ferro et al., Persoonia 42: 447. 2019. [MB830760]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: MK804503 (alternative markers: BenA = MK802333; CaM = MK802336; RPB2 = MK802338). ",""], [7,"Penicillium albocoremium",2000,"","","plant pathogen, DOI: 10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.4.176; on onion, gladiolus, other bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; pathogen of Allium, Iris, tulip Dugan et al. 2017","","","Penicillium albocoremium (Frisvad) Frisvad, Int. Mod. Tax. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 275. 2000. [MB459817]. Basionym: Penicillium hirsutum var. albocoremium Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 856. 1990. [MB126411]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: AJ004819 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896812; CaM = KU896819; RPB2 = KU904344). ",""], [8,"Penicillium alexiae",2013,"","","soil, protolgue","","","Penicillium alexiae Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 59. 2013. [MB803785]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: KC790400 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773778; CaM = KC773803; RPB2 = KX961291). ",""], [9,"Penicillium alfredii",2014,"","","dust, protologue","","","Penicillium alfredii Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 116. 2014. [MB809180]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Alfrediorum, ser. Alfrediorum. ","ITS barcode: KJ775684 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ775177; CaM = KJ775411; RPB2 = KJ834520). ",""], [10,"Penicillium allii",1989,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","plant pathogen, garlic, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2006.01411.x; https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; Valdez et al garlic pathogen Argentina https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01960.x","present in NZ +","btub, unpublished from MPI","Penicillium allii Vincent & Pitt, Mycologia 81: 300. 1989. [MB125498]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. Reproduction: asexual. ","ITS barcode: AJ005484 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674331; CaM = KU896820; RPB2 = KU904345). ",""], [11,"Penicillium allii-sativi",2012,"","","Dugan regards as nonpathogenic, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, although has been reported on Allium bulbs","","","Penicillium allii-sativi Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 89. 2012. [MB801873]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997021 (alternative markers: BenA = JX996891; CaM = JX996232; RPB2 = JX996627). ",""], [12,"Penicillium alogum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium alogum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 263. 2016. [MB815772]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Stolkia, ser. Stolkia. ","ITS barcode: KT887869 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887830; CaM = KT887791; RPB2 = MN969172). ",""], [13,"Penicillium alutaceum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium alutaceum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 17. 1968. [MB335708]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Alutacea. ","ITS barcode: AF033454 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834430; CaM = KP016768; RPB2 = JN121489). ",""], [14,"Penicillium amaliae",2013,"","","saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium amaliae Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 52. 2013. [MB803784]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: JX091443 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091563; CaM = JX141557; RPB2 = KX961292). ",""], [15,"Penicillium americanum",2019,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium americanum Jurjevi\u0001c et al., Persoonia 42: 443. 2019. [MB830667]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Soppiorum. ","ITS barcode: MK791278 (alternative markers: BenA = MK803427; CaM = MK803428; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [16,"Penicillium amphipolaria",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium amphipolaria Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 269. 2016. [MB815777]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: KT887872 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887833; CaM = KT887794; RPB2 = MN969177). ",""], [17,"Penicillium anatolicum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium anatolicum Stolk, Antonie van Leenwenhoek 34: 46. 1968. [MB335710]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Euglauca. ","ITS barcode: AF033425 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606849; CaM = JN606571; RPB2 = JN606593). ",""], [18,"Penicillium angulare",2004,"","","litter saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium angulare S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 96: 1289. 2004. [MB487891]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: AF125937 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773779; CaM = KC773804; RPB2 = JN406554). ",""], [19,"Penicillium angustiporcatum ",1983,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium angustiporcatum Takada & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 24: 143. 1983. [MB108322]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Gracilenta, ser. Angustiporcata. ","ITS barcode: KC411690 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834431; CaM = MN969235; RPB2 = JN406617). ",""], [20,"Penicillium annulatum",2015,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium annulatum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14 (no. 96): 14. 2015. [MB809817]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: JX091426 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091514; CaM = JX141545; RPB2 = KF296410). ",""], [21,"Penicillium antarcticum ",1999,"","","endophyte - protologue; toxin producer, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","present in NZ +","ITS MN077471 as P. attenuatum","Penicillium antarcticum A.D. Hocking & C.F. McRae, Polar Biol. 21: 103. 1999. [MB482749]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Atroveneta. ","ITS barcode: KJ834503 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969371; CaM = MN969236; RPB2 = JN406653). ",""], [22,"Penicillium aotearoae",2016,"","","soil, protologue","present in NZ +","ITS \nKT887874; btub KT887835","Penicillium aotearoae Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 265. 2016. [MB815774]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: KT887874 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887835; CaM = KT887796; RPB2 = MN969174). ",""], [23,"Penicillium apimei",2018,"","","bee hives Brasil, nonpathogenic, protologue","","","Penicillium apimei R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1891. 2018. [MB822208]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Gracilenta, ser. Macrosclerotiorum. "," ITS barcode: MF278310 (alternative markers: BenA = LT854641; CaM = LT882717; RPB2 = LT854650). ",""], [24,"Penicillium aquaticum",2018,"","","saprobe, aquatic plant debris, protologue","","","Penicillium aquaticum Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 89: 173. 2018. [MB822166]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Gracilenta, ser. Macrosclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: KY587453 (alternative markers: BenA = KY587450; CaM = KY587447; RPB2 = KY587449). ",""], [25,"Penicillium arabicum",1968,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium arabicum Baghd., Novosti Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 105. 1968. [MB335711]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: KC411758 (alternative markers: BenA = KP016750; CaM = KP016770; RPB2 = KP064574). ",""], [26,"Penicillium araracuarense (as araracuaraense)",2011,"","","litter saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium araracuaraense Houbraken, et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1469. 2011. [MB518025]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981597 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981642; CaM = MN969237; RPB2 = KF296414). ",""], [27,"Penicillium ardesiacum ",1974,"unrecorded in NZ","","on Vitis twigs, peduncles, fruit, protologue; on Vitis stems during drying, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium ardesiacum Novobr., Novosti Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 11: 228. 1974. [MB319257]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189565 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088805; CaM = KM089190; RPB2 = KM089577). ",""], [28,"Penicillium argentinense",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium argentinense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 78. 2011. [MB563185]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Euglauca. ","ITS barcode: JN831361 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606815; CaM = JN606549; RPB2 = MN969105). ",""], [29,"Penicillium arianeae ",2013,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium arianeae Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 59. 2013. [MB803786]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: KC773833 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773784; CaM = KC773811; RPB2 = KX961294). ",""], [30,"Penicillium arizonense",2016,"","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium arizonense Frisvad et al., Sci. Rep. 6: 35112, 8. 2016. [MB817128]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: MH492021 (alternative markers: BenA = MH492019; CaM = MH492020; RPB2 = MH492022). ",""], [31,"Penicillium armarii ",2014,"","","dust, protologue","","","Penicillium armarii Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 410. 2014. [MB809955]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","ITS barcode: KM189758 (alternative markers: BenA = KM089007; CaM = KM089394; RPB2 = KM089781). ","part of P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; "], [32,"Penicillium astrolabium",2007,"","","saprobe on healthy grape, protologue","","","Penicillium astrolabium R. Serra & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 99: 80. 2007. [MB504766]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Olsoniorum. ","ITS barcode: DQ645804 (alternative markers: BenA = DQ645793; CaM = DQ645808; RPB2 = JN406634). ",""], [33,"Penicillium asymmetricum",2011,"","","litter saprobe, protologue of basionym","","","Penicillium asymmetricum (Subram. & Sudha) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561963]. Basionym: Thysanophora asymmetrica Subram. & Sudha, Kavaka 13: 88. 1987. [MB135502]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [34,"Penicillium athertonense ",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium athertonense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 412. 2014. [MB809956]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189462 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088690; CaM = KM089075; RPB2 = KM089462). ",""], [35,"Penicillium atramentosum ",1910,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxic; originally isolated from cheese, protologue; toxin, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium atramentosum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 65. 1910. [MB237291]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Atramentosa. "," ITS barcode: AF033483 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674402; CaM = KU896821; RPB2 = JN406584). ",""], [36,"Penicillium atrofulvum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium atrofulvum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 80. 2011. [MB563183]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617663 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606677; CaM = JN606387; RPB2 = JN606620). ",""], [37,"Penicillium atrolazulinum",2016,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium atrolazulinum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 91. 2016. [MB811001]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: JX140913 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141077; CaM = JX157416; RPB2 = KP064575). ",""], [38,"Penicillium atrosanguineum ",1973,"","","Triticum seeds, no mention of pathogenicity, protologue; NZ isolate ex house dust","present in NZ","ITS KJ775603; btub KJ775096","Penicillium atrosanguineum B.X. Dong, Cesk\u0001a Mycol. 27: 174. 1973. [MB319260]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: JN617706 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834435; CaM = KP016771; RPB2 = JN406557). ",""], [39,"Penicillium atrovenetum ",1956,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium atrovenetum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 39: 112. 1956. [MB302377]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Atroveneta. ","ITS barcode: AF033492 (alternative markers: BenA = JX140944; CaM = KJ867004; RPB2 = JN121467). ",""], [40,"Penicillium aurantiacobrunneum",2011,"","","air sample, protologue","present in NZ","LSU MH877880; btub JN606703 (CBS 126230)","Penicillium aurantiacobrunneum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 80. 2011. [MB563206]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617670 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606702; CaM = MN969238; RPB2 = MN969106). ",""], [41,"Penicillium aurantiogriseum ",1901,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","possible plant pathogen bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, pathogenicity not proven [regard P. cellarum, a pathogen of beets, as a seperate species]; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; cereal spoilage mould https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8; toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","","Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB247956]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: AF033476 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969372; CaM = KU896822; RPB2 = JN406573). ","species complex; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [42,"Penicillium aurantioviolaceum",1923,"","","soil, protologue; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","","","Penicillium aurantioviolaceum Biourge, Cellule 33: 282. 1923. [MB257885]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189756 (alternative markers: BenA = KM089005; CaM = KM089392; RPB2 = KM089779). ",""], [43,"Penicillium austricola",2016,"","","protea flower tissues, protologue","","","Penicillium austricola Visagie & K. Jacobs, Persoonia 36: 139. 2016. [MB805184]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: JX091466 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091579; CaM = JX141600; RPB2 = KF303705). ",""], [44,"Penicillium austroafricanum ",2014,"","","saprobe, protologue [isolated from leaf, no disease mentioned]","","","Penicillium austroafricanum Houbraken & Visagie, Stud. Mycol. 78: 412. 2014. [MB809957]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189610 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088854; CaM = KM089241; RPB2 = KM089628). ",""], [45,"Penicillium austrosinense",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium austrosinense L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 525. 2018 [2019]. [MB818164]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. "," ITS barcode: KY495007 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495116; CaM = MN969328; RPB2 = KY495061). ",""], [46,"Penicillium austrosinicum",2017,"","","rotten fruit, protologue, presumably saprobe, no mention of disease","","","Penicillium austrosinicum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 8233, 3. 2017. [MB570338]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: KX885061 (alternative markers: BenA = KX885041; CaM = KX885051; RPB2 = KX885032). ",""], [47,"Penicillium balearicum",2019,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium balearicum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 54. 2019 [2020]. [MB822061]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Atramentosa. ","ITS barcode: LT899762 (alternative markers: BenA = LT898227; CaM = LT899758; RPB2 = LT899760). ",""], [48,"Penicillium beceitense",2019,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium beceitense Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 55. 2019 [2020] [MB822063]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Lanosa. ","ITS barcode: LT899780 (alternative markers: BenA = LT898229; CaM = LT899764; RPB2 = LT899798). ",""], [49,"Penicillium bialowiezense ",1927,"present in NZ","","soil, protologue; on mushrooms, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf","present in NZ","","Penicillium bialowiezense K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 450. 1927. [MB258429]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Brevicompacta. ","ITS barcode: EU587315 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674439; CaM = AY484828; RPB2 = JN406604). ",""], [50,"Penicillium biforme ",1910,"","","Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; reports as toxin producer incorrect, Frisvad 1989","","","Penicillium biforme Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 54. 1910. [MB240764]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: KC411731 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969373; CaM = KU896823; RPB2 = KU904346). ",""], [51,"Penicillium bilaiae",1950,"present in NZ","","soil, protologue","present in NZ +","","Penicillium bilaiae Chalab., Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 165. 1950. [MB302379]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: JN714937 (alternative markers: BenA = JN625966; CaM = JN626009; RPB2 = JN406610). ",""], [52,"Penicillium bissettii",2016,"","","soil, protologue; root endophyte in NZ (","present in NZ +","ITS MN864190, MW862794 (ICMP 21333 ex Agathis root)","Penicillium bissettii Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 269. 2016. [MB815778]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum.","ITS barcode: KT887845 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887806; CaM = KT887767; RPB2 = MN969178). ",""], [53,"Penicillium boreae ",2002,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium boreae S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1112. 2002. [MB483980]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Stolkia, ser. Stolkia. ","ITS barcode: AF481122 (alternative markers: BenA = JN617715; CaM = AF481138; RPB2 = MN969107). ",""], [54,"Penicillium bovifimosum",2011,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium bovifimosum (Tuthill & Frisvad) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561957]. Basionym: Eupenicillium bovifimosum Tuthill & Frisvad, Mycologia 94: 241. 2002. [MB456124]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Turbata, ser. Turbata. ","ITS barcode: AF263347 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834436; CaM = FJ530989; RPB2 = JN406649). ",""], [55,"Penicillium brasilianum ",1957,"unrecorded in NZ","","mild pathogen onions, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxin, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium brasilianum Bat., Anais Soc. Biol. Pernambuco 15: 162. 1957. [MB302381]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981577 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981629; CaM = MN969239; RPB2 = KF296420). ",""], [56,"Penicillium brefeldianum ",1933,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","human lung, protologue","present in NZ +","","Penicillium brefeldianum B.O. Dodge, Mycologia 25: 92. 1933. [MB258851]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: AF033435 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981623; CaM = EU021683; RPB2 = KF296421). ",""], [57,"Penicillium brevicompactum ",1901,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxic, mushrooms, processed foods, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; coffee endophyte, Peterson et al. Mycologia 97(3): 662 (2005); toxin Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775605; btub KJ775098","Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB149773]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Brevicompacta. ","ITS barcode: AY484912 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674437; CaM = AY484813; RPB2 = JN406594). ",""], [58,"Penicillium brevistipitatum ",2005,"","","dung, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium brevistipitatum L. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Mycotaxon 93: 234. 2005. [MB356064]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Robsamsonia. ","ITS barcode: DQ221696 (alternative markers: BenA = DQ221695; CaM = KU896824; RPB2 = JN406528). ",""], [59,"Penicillium brocae",2003,"unrecorded in NZ","","dung, protologue; coffee pathogen, Peterson Mycologia 97(3): 662 (2005)","present in NZ","","Penicillium brocae S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 95: 143. 2003. [MB373658]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: AF484398 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773787; CaM = KC773814; RPB2 = JN406639). ",""], [60,"Penicillium brunneoconidiatum ",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium brunneoconidiatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 415. 2014. [MB809958]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189666 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088911; CaM = KM089298; RPB2 = KM089685). ",""], [61,"Penicillium buchwaldii",2013,"","","air and stored foods, protologue","present in NZ","ITS KJ775610; btub KJ775103","Penicillium buchwaldii Frisvad & Samson, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 339: 86. 2013. [MB800966]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Buchwaldiorum. ","ITS barcode: JX313164 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969374; CaM = JX313148; RPB2 = JN406637). ",""], [62,"Penicillium burgense ",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium burgense Quintan. ex Visagie, IMA Fungus 7: 94. 2016. [MB816641]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: KC411736 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834437; CaM = KP016772; RPB2 = JN406572). ",""], [63,"Penicillium bussumense ",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium bussumense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 415. 2014. [MB809959]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","ITS barcode: KM189458 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088685; CaM = KM089070; RPB2 = KM089457). ","part of P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; "], [64,"Penicillium cainii",2011,"","","stored Juglandaceae nuts, protologue, doi:10.3114/sim.2011.70.03","","","Penicillium cainii K.G. Rivera et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 147. 2011. [MB563159]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN686435 (alternative markers: BenA = JN686366; CaM = JN686389; RPB2 = MT156346). ",""], [65,"Penicillium cairnsense ",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium cairnsense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 83. 2011. [MB563184]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617669 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606693; CaM = MN969240; RPB2 = MN969108). ",""], [66,"Penicillium camemberti ",1906,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","Toxin (cyclopiazonic acid), protologue; toxic in high concentrations, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopiazonic_acid; Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ","","Penicillium camemberti Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 82: 33. 1906. [MB175171]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: AB479314 (alternative markers: BenA = FJ930956; CaM = KU896825; RPB2 = MN969109). ",""], [67,"Penicillium camponotum",2016,"","","ants, protologue","","","Penicillium camponotum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 271. 2016. [MB815779]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: KT887855 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887816; CaM = KT887777; RPB2 = MN969179). ",""], [68,"Penicillium canariense ",2002,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium canariense S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1113. 2002. [MB483981]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Stolkia, ser. Stolkia. ","ITS barcode: AF481121 (alternative markers: BenA = JN617714; CaM = AF481137; RPB2 = MN969110). ",""], [69,"Penicillium canescens ",1912,"present in NZ","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020; (root endophyte in NZ); non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","ITS MN864193 (as Penicillium kapuscinskii)","Penicillium canescens Sopp, Skr. Vidensk.-Selsk. Christiana Math.- Nat. Kl. 11: 181. 1912. [MB153765]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF033493 (alternative markers: BenA = JX140946; CaM = MN969241; RPB2 = JN121485). ",""], [70,"Penicillium canis ",2014,"","","mammal bone, ooportunistic infection, protologue, DOI: 10.1128/JCM.03602-13","","","Penicillium canis S.W. Peterson, J. Clin. Microbiol. 52: 2450. 2014. [MB807056]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: KJ511291 (alternative markers: BenA = KF900167; CaM = KF900177; RPB2 = KF900196). ",""], [71,"Penicillium cantabricum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium cantabricum Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 142. 2016. [MB808263]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303655 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303615; CaM = KF303646; RPB2 = KF303682). ",""], [72,"Penicillium caperatum",1973,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium caperatum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 371. 1973. [MB319262]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: KC411761 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981660; CaM = MN969242; RPB2 = KF296422). ",""], [73,"Penicillium caprifimosum",2019,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium caprifimosum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 55. 2019 [2020]. [MB822064]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Turbata, ser. Turbata. ","ITS barcode: LT899781 (alternative markers: BenA = LT898238; CaM = LT899765; RPB2 = LT899799). ",""], [74,"Penicillium capsulatum ",1948,"present in NZ","","surface contaminant, protologue","present in NZ +","","Penicillium capsulatum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 528. 1948. [MB289079]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ramigena, ser. Ramigena. ","ITS barcode: AF033429 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969375; CaM = KP735539; RPB2 = JN406582). ",""], [75,"Penicillium carneum ",1996,"unrecorded in NZ","","pathogen, toxin [incl Penitrems, acutely toxic], https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; spoilage of meat, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294; apple pathogen Louw MSc","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium carneum (Frisvad) Frisvad, Microbiology 142: 546. 1996. [MB415652]. Basionym: Penicillium roqueforti var. carneum Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 858. 1990. [MB126415]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Roquefortorum, ser. Roquefortorum. ","ITS barcode: HQ442338 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674386; CaM = HQ442322; RPB2 = JN406642). ",""], [76,"Penicillium cartierense ",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium cartierense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 415. 2014. [MB809960]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189564 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088804; CaM = KM089189; RPB2 = KM089576). ",""], [77,"Penicillium caseifulvum",1998,"","","Cheese contaminant, protologue; Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium caseifulvum Lund et al., J. Food Mycol. 1: 97. 1998. [MB446013]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: KJ834504 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674372; CaM = KU896826; RPB2 = KU904347). ",""], [78,"Penicillium catalonicum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium catalonicum Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 142. 2016. [MB808265]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303650 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303609; CaM = KF303644; RPB2 = KF303683). ",""], [79,"Penicillium cataractarum",2013,"","","saprobe, fallen nuts, protologue","","","Penicillium cataractarum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 271. 2016. [MB819777]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KT887847 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887808; CaM = KT887769; RPB2 = MN969180). ",""], [80,"Penicillium catenatum ",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium catenatum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 24. 1968. [MB335719]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: KC411754 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834438; CaM = KP016774; RPB2 = JN121504). ",""], [81,"Penicillium cavernicola",2004,"","","Toxin. Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","","","Penicillium cavernicola Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 31. 2004. [MB370976]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: KJ834505 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834439; CaM = KU896827; RPB2 = KU904348). ",""], [82,"Penicillium chalabudae",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium chalabudae Visagie, IMA Fungus 7: 94. 2016. [MB816642]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: KP016811 (alternative markers: BenA = KP016748; CaM = KP016767; RPB2 = KP064572). ",""], [83,"Penicillium charlesii ",1933,"","","stored seed Zea mays; nontoxic Frisvad 1989","","","Penicillium charlesii G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 18: 90. 1933. [MB260433]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Fellutana. ","ITS barcode: AF033400 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091508; CaM = AY741727; RPB2 = JN121486). ",""], [84,"Penicillium chermesinum ",1923,"unrecorded in NZ","","on cheese, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium chermesinum Biourge, Cellule 33: 284. 1923. [MB260472]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Indica. ","ITS barcode: AY742693 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834441; CaM = AY741728; RPB2 = MN969111). ",""], [85,"Penicillium choerospondiatis",2017,"","","rotten fruit, protologue, presumably saprobe, no mention of disease","","","Penicillium choerospondiatis X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 8233, 5. 2017. [MB570333]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Herqueorum. ","ITS barcode: KX885063 (alternative markers: BenA = KX885043; CaM = KX885053; RPB2 = KX885034). ",""], [86,"Penicillium christenseniae ",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium christenseniae Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 85. 2011. [MB563187]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617674 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606680; CaM = MN969243; RPB2 = JN606624). ",""], [87,"Penicillium chroogomphi",2016,"","","mushroom, protologue","","","Penicillium chroogomphum F. Xu et al., Mycoscience 57: 82. 2016. [MB813567]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Soppiorum. ","ITS barcode: KC594043 (alternative markers: BenA = KP684056; CaM = KP684057; RPB2 = MN969167). ",""], [88,"Penicillium chrysogenum ",1910,"present in NZ","animal path (opportunistic)","toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; animal toxin, DOI: 10.1139/m76-038 as P. meleagrinum; toxin Frisvad 1989; apple blue mould http://treefruit.wsu.edu/crop-protection/disease-management/blue-mold/; Falloon 1985, ryegrass seeds in NZ, morphological ID","present in NZ +","","Penicillium chrysogenum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 58. 1910. [MB165757]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: AF033465 (alternative markers: BenA = JF909955; CaM = JX996273; RPB2 = JN121487). ",""], [89,"Penicillium chrzaszczii ",1927,"","","soil, protologue; nontoxiv Frisvad 1989","","","Penicillium chrzaszczii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 464. 1927. [MB260609]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944603 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606758; CaM = MN969244; RPB2 = JN606628). ",""], [90,"Penicillium cinerascens ",1923,"unrecorded in NZ","","Toxin (citreoviridin, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citreoviridin), Houbracken 2020","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium cinerascens Biourge, Cellule 33: 308, 1923. [MB260785]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Citreonigra. ","ITS barcode: AF033455 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141041; CaM = JX157405; RPB2 = MN969112). ",""], [91,"Penicillium cinereoatrum",1950,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium cinereoatrum Chalab., Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 167. 1950. [MB302385]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: KC411700 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834442; CaM = KP125335; RPB2 = JN406608). ",""], [92,"Penicillium cinnamopurpureum ",1959,"","","stored rice, protologue","","","Penicillium cinnamopurpureum Abe ex Udagawa, J. Agric. Food Sci. 5: 1. 1959. [MB302386]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Cinnamopurpurea. ","ITS barcode: EF626950 (alternative markers: BenA = EF626948; CaM = EF626949; RPB2 = JN406533). ",""], [93,"Penicillium circulare",2019,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium circulare Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 97. 2019. [MB555413]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = MK481057; CaM = MK481061; RPB2 = MK481053). ",""], [94,"Penicillium citreonigrum",1901,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","Toxin (citreoviridin, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citreoviridin), Houbracken 2020; toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ","ITS KJ775617 (house dust), plus others","Penicillium citreonigrum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 86. 1901. [MB165197]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Citreonigra. ","ITS barcode: AF033456 (alternative markers: BenA = EF198621; CaM = EF198628; RPB2 = JN121474). ",""], [95,"Penicillium citreosulfuratum",1923,"","","Toxin (citreoviridin, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citreoviridin), Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium citreosulfuratum Biourge, Cellule 33: 285, 1923. [MB260947]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Citreonigra. ","ITS barcode: KP016814 (alternative markers: BenA = KP016753; CaM = KP016777; RPB2 = KP064615). ",""], [96,"Penicillium citrinum",1910,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","post-harvest decay, https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/39565; possible bulb pathogen, perhaps uncertain ID, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxicity rare, doi: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2017.05.003; v widespread on all sorts of substrtaes, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-010-0047-z; animal toxin, DOI: 10.1139/m76-038","present in NZ +","","Penicillium citrinum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 61. 1910. [MB165293]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","ITS barcode: AF033422 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944545; CaM = MN969245; RPB2 = JF417416). ",""], [97,"Penicillium clavigerum ",1923,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxic , Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium clavigerum Demelius, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 72: 74. 1923. [MB261069]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Clavigera. ","ITS barcode: DQ339555 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674427; CaM = KU896828; RPB2 = KU904349). ",""], [98,"Penicillium clavistipitatum ",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium clavistipitatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 419. 2014. [MB809961]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189667 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088912; CaM = KM089299; RPB2 = KM089686). ",""], [99,"Penicillium cluniae",1990,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium cluniae Quintan. nom. inval. (Art. 40.7), Av. Aliment. Mejora Anim. 30: 174. 1990. [MB130240]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: MN431386 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969376; CaM = MN969246; RPB2 = KF296424). ",""], [100,"Penicillium coccotrypicola",2014,"","","saprobic, various substrates, protologue","","","Penicillium coccotrypicola Holdom et al., Persoonia 33: 285. [MB810327]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Clavigera. ","ITS barcode: KM605436 (alternative markers: BenA = KM605437; CaM = MN969321; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [101,"Penicillium coeruleum",1923,"","","?","","","Penicillium coeruleum Sopp in Biourge, Cellule 33: 102. 1923. [MB446014]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981606 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981655; CaM = MN969247; RPB2 = KF296425). ",""], [102,"Penicillium coffeae",2005,"","","endophyte, coffee tissue, protologue","","","Penicillium coffeae S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 97: 662. 2005. [MB340281]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Phoenicea. ","ITS barcode: AY742702 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834443; CaM = AY741747; RPB2 = JN121436). ",""], [103,"Penicillium colei",2015,"","","saprobe, pecan shell, protologue","","","Penicillium colei S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: 0121987, 10. 2015. [MB807368]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KF932958 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932926; CaM = KF932942; RPB2 = KF932996). ",""], [104,"Penicillium commune ",1910,"unrecorded in NZ","animal path (opportunistic)","Toxin, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopiazonic_acid; Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; food spoilage https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxin in spoiled food, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025; apple blue mould http://treefruit.wsu.edu/crop-protection/disease-management/blue-mold/","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775611; btub KJ775104","Penicillium commune Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 56. 1910. [MB164241]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: AY213672 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969377; CaM = KU896829; RPB2 = KU904350). ",""], [105,"Penicillium compactum",2016,"","","toxic; dung, Houbracken 2020; toxic , Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","","","Penicillium compactum L. Wang & Houbraken, Persoonia 36: 309. 2016. [MB810216]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Robsamsonia. ","ITS barcode: KM973207 (alternative markers: BenA = KM973203; CaM = KM973200; RPB2 = KT698909). ",""], [106,"Penicillium concentricum",1976,"unrecorded in NZ","","toxin; dung, Houbracken 2020; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294 [some strains]","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium concentricum Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 11: 17. 1976. [MB319263]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Robsamsonia. ","ITS barcode: KC411763 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674413; CaM = DQ911131; RPB2 = KT900575). ",""], [107,"Penicillium confertum ",1990,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; soil, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium confertum (Frisvad et al.) Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 852. 1990. [MB126404]. Basionym: Penicillium glandicola var. confertum Frisvad et al., Canad. J. Bot. 65: 769. 1987. [MB131769]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997081 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674373; CaM = JX996963; RPB2 = JX996708). ",""], [108,"Penicillium coniferophilum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium coniferophilum Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561968]. Replaced synonym: Thysanophora striatis- pora G.L. Barron & W.B. Cooke, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 40 (3–4): 353. 1970. [MB324607]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [109,"Penicillium consobrinum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium consobrinum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 96. 2016. [MB811002]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: JX140888 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141135; CaM = JX157453; RPB2 = KP064619). ",""], [110,"Penicillium contaminatum ",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium contaminatum Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 419. 2014. [MB809962]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189554 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088793; CaM = KM089178; RPB2 = KM089565). ",""], [111,"Penicillium coprobium ",1990,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin; dung, Houbracken 2020; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxic , Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium coprobium Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 853. 1990. [MB126405]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Robsamsonia. ","ITS barcode: DQ339559 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674425; CaM = KU896830; RPB2 = KT900576). ",""], [112,"Penicillium coprophilum ",1986,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin; dung, Houbracken 2020; toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ","","Penicillium coprophilum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Seifert & Samson, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 145. 1986 [1985]. [MB114760]. Basionym: Coremium coprophilum Berk. & M.A. Curtis, J. Linn. Soc., Bot., 10: 363. 1868. [MB150510]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Robsamsonia. "," ITS barcode: AF033469 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674421; CaM = KU896831; RPB2 = JN406645). ",""], [113,"Penicillium copticola",2011,"","","spoiled food, protologue","","","Penicillium copticola Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 88. 2011. [MB563205]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Copticolarum. ","ITS barcode: JN617685 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606817; CaM = JN606553; RPB2 = JN606599). ",""], [114,"Penicillium coralligerum ",1963,"unrecorded in NZ","","stored seeds, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium coralligerum Nicot & Pionnat, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 78: 245. 1963 [1962]. [MB335721]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Atroveneta. ","ITS barcode: JN617667 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969378; CaM = MN969248; RPB2 = JN406632). ",""], [115,"Penicillium corvianum",2016,"","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium corvianum Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 259. 2016. [MB815770]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: KT887875 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887836; CaM = KT887797; RPB2 = MN969170). ",""], [116,"Penicillium corylophilum ",1901,"present in NZ","","saprobe, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium_corylophilum; http://www.schimmel-schimmelpilze.de/penicillium-corylophilum.html; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775626; btub KJ775119.1 ","Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 86. 1901. [MB178294]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: AF033450 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141042; CaM = KP016780; RPB2 = KP064631). ",""], [117,"Penicillium cosmopolitanum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","present in NZ","btub JN606745","Penicillium cosmopolitanum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 91. 2011. [MB563188]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617691 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606733; CaM = MN969249; RPB2 = MN969113). ",""], [118,"Penicillium costaricense",2016,"","","insect intestines, protologue","","","Penicillium costaricense Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 263. 2016. [MB815773]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Costaricensia. ","ITS barcode: MN431396 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887834; CaM = KT887795; RPB2 = MN969173). ",""], [119,"Penicillium cravenianum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium cravenianum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 96. 2016. [MB811003]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: JX140900 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141076; CaM = JX157418; RPB2 = KP064636). ",""], [120,"Penicillium cremeogriseum",1950,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium cremeogriseum Chalab., Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 168. 1950. [MB302390]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981586 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981624; CaM = MN969250; RPB2 = KF296426). ",""], [121,"Penicillium crocicola ",1956,"","","type from Crocus bulb, isolates from soil also doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium crocicola W. Yamam., Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ. Agric. 2: 28. 1956. [MB302391]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189581 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834445; CaM = KM089210; RPB2 = JN406535).",""], [122,"Penicillium crustosum ",1930,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","plant pathogen bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, pathogen of onions but not other bulbs; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; various crops https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; animal pathogen, PMCID: PMC187226 as P. terrestre; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxin in spoiled food, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025; pathogen onion and Iris, Dugan et al. 2017","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775628; btub KJ775121","Penicillium crustosum Thom, The Penicillia: 399. 1930. [MB262401]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: AF033472 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969379; CaM = DQ911132; RPB2 = MN969114). ",""], [123,"Penicillium cryptum ",1986,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium cryptum Goch., Mycotaxon 26: 349. 1986. [MB103648]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Crypta, ser. Crypta. ","ITS barcode: KF303647 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303608; CaM = KF303628; RPB2 = JN121478). ",""], [124,"Penicillium crystallinum",2014,"","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium crystallinum (Kwon-Chung & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 355. 2014. [MB809315]. Basionym: Aspergillus crystallinus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 471. 1965. [MB326624]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Paradoxa. ","ITS barcode: AF033486 (alternative markers: BenA = EF669682; CaM = FJ530973; RPB2 = EF669669). ",""], [125,"Penicillium cuddlyae",2019,"","","saprobe, dog food, protologue","","","Penicillium cuddlyae Visagie & I.H. Rong, Persoonia 43: 38. 2019 [MB832433]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Indica. ","ITS barcode: MK951942 (alternative markers: BenA = MK951835; CaM = MK951908; RPB2 = MN418450). ",""], [126,"Penicillium curticaule",2015,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium curticaule Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14 (no. 96): 16. 2015. [MB809818]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: FJ231021 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091526; CaM = JX141536; RPB2 = KF296417). ",""], [127,"Penicillium cvjetkovicii",2015,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium cvjetkovicii S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: 0121987, 12. 2015. [MB807369]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KF932963 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932931; CaM = KF932948; RPB2 = KF933002). ",""], [128,"Penicillium cyaneum",1923,"unrecorded in NZ","","?","present in NZ +","","Penicillium cyaneum (Bainier & Sartory) Biourge, Cellule 33: 102. 1923. [MB251712]. Basionym: Citromyces cyaneus Bainier & Sartory, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 29: 157. 1913. [MB178850]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ramigena, ser. Ramigena. ","ITS barcode: AF033427 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091552; CaM = KP735540; RPB2 = JN406575). ","present in NZ based on specimen identified as P. sublateritium, a synonym of P. cyaneum"], [129,"Penicillium cyclopium ",1911,"","","pathogen of beets, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, but morphological ID only; nontoxic?; toxin, food spoilage cereals but no mention as a pathogen as such, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; rotten fruit, protologue; toxins, cereal spoilage, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8; animal toxin DOI: 10.1139/m76-038; toxin, Frisvad 1989; Frisvad et al. 2004 - toxin reports based on mis-IDs; minor importance as beet pathogen, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197","present in NZ","","Penicillium cyclopium Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 90. 1911. [MB156739]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: JN097811 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969380; CaM = KU896832; RPB2 = JN985388). ","aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [130,"Penicillium daejeonium ",2013,"","","? pathogen - mouldy Vitis fruit, protologue","","","Penicillium daejeonium S.H. Yu & H.K. Sang, J. Microbiol. 51: 537. 2013. [MB561572]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JX436489 (alternative markers: BenA = JX436493; CaM = JX436491; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [131,"Penicillium daleae ",1927,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium daleae K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 495. 1927. [MB262773]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: GU981583 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981649; CaM = MN969251; RPB2 = KF296427). ",""], [132,"Penicillium decaturense",2004,"","","decomposing polypore, protologue","occurence uncertain","","Penicillium decaturense S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 96: 1290. 2004. [MB487890]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944604 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606685; CaM = MN969252; RPB2 = JN606621). ","as cf decatursense in doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00294.x, needs confirming with beta-tubulin sequence"], [133,"Penicillium decumbens ",1910,"present in NZ","animal path (opportunistic)","?","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775630; btub KJ775123","Penicillium decumbens Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 71. 1910. [MB156582]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Alutacea. ","ITS barcode: AY157490 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834446; CaM = KP016782; RPB2 = JN406601). ",""], [134,"Penicillium desertorum ",2012,"","","decomposing polypore, protologue","","","Penicillium desertorum Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 90. 2012. [MB801874]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997011 (alternative markers: BenA = JX996818; CaM = JX996937; RPB2 = JX996682). ",""], [135,"Penicillium diabolicalicense",2016,"","","saprobe, dust","present in NZ +","ITS KT887840; btub KT887801 (Nothofagus forest litter)","Penicillium diabolicalicense Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 36: 265. 2016. [MB815775]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: KT887840 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887801; CaM = KT887762; RPB2 = MN969175). ",""], [136,"Penicillium diatomitis",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium diatomitis Kub\u0001atov\u0001a et al., Mycol. Prog. 18 (1-2): 223. 2018. [MB824352]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Oxalica. ","ITS barcode: FJ430748 (alternative markers: BenA = HE651133; CaM = LT970912; RPB2 = LT797560). ",""], [137,"Penicillium digitatum ",1881,"present in NZ","plant path; Animal path (toxin)","rot in Citrus, Houbracken 2020; citrus, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; apples, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y","present in NZ +","","Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc., Fung. Ital. Autogr. Delin.: tab. 894. 1881. Basionym: Aspergillus digitatus Pers., Disp. meth. Fung.: 41. 1794 ≡ Monilia digitata Pers., Syn. Meth. Fung.: 693. 1801. [nom. sanct., Fr., Syst. Mycol. 3: 411. 1832]. [MB169502]. — Neotype: Saccardo, Fung. Ital. Autogr. Delin.: tab. 894. 1881 (lectotype); CBS 112082 (epitype, in Frisvad & Samson 2004b). Ex-type: CBS 112082 = IBT 13068. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Digitata. ","ITS barcode: KJ834506 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834447; CaM = KU896833; RPB2 = JN121426). ",""], [138,"Penicillium dimorphosporum",1970,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium dimorphosporum H.J. Swart, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 55: 310. 1970. [MB120334]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF081804 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834448; CaM = KP016783; RPB2 = JN121517). ",""], [139,"Penicillium dipodomyicola ",2000,"","","toxins; mammal skin, protologue; on cereal and seeds, Houbracken 2020; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","","","Penicillium dipodomyicola (Frisvad et al.) Frisvad, Int. Mod. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 275. 2000. [MB459818]. Basionym: Penicillium gri- seofulvum var. dipodomyicola Frisvad et al., Canad. J. Bot. 65: 767. 1987. [MB131771]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Urticicola. ","ITS barcode: MN431387 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674409; CaM = KT900573; RPB2 = KT900577). ",""], [140,"Penicillium dipodomyis ",2000,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxins; mammal skin, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium dipodomyus [as “dipodomyis”] (Frisvad et al.) Banke et al., Int. Mod. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 271. 2000. [MB459815]. Basionym: Penicillium chrysogenum var. dipodomyus Frisvad et al., Canad. J. Bot. 65: 766. 1987. [MB635036]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: MN431359 (alternative markers: BenA = AY495991; CaM = JX996950; RPB2 = JF909932). ",""], [141,"Penicillium discolor ",1997,"unrecorded in NZ","","Toxic, on nuts etc, protologue; Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; toxin Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium discolor Frisvad & Samson, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 72: 120. 1997. [MB442902]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. "," ITS barcode: AJ004816 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674348; CaM = KU896834; RPB2 = KU904351). ",""], [142,"Penicillium dokdoense",2019,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium dokdoense Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, Fungal Di- versity 95: 95. 2019. [MB554459]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Copticolarum. ","ITS barcode: MG906868 (alternative markers: BenA = MH243037; CaM = MH243031; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [143,"Penicillium donkii",1973,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium donkii Stolk, Persoonia 7: 333. 1973. [MB319267]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Stolkia, ser. Stolkia. ","ITS barcode: AF033445 (alternative markers: BenA = JN617718; CaM = AF481136; RPB2 = MN969115). ",""], [144,"Penicillium dravuni ",2005,"","","marine saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium dravuni Janso, Mycologia 97: 445. 2005. [MB501442]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AY494856 (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [145,"Penicillium dunedinense",2014,"","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","present in NZ","ITS KJ775678; btub KJ775171","Penicillium dunedinense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 121. 2014. [MB809183]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: KJ775678 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ775171; CaM = KJ775405; RPB2 = MN969116). ",""], [146,"Penicillium echinulatum ",1997,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; originally isoLAted as lab contaminant","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium echinulatum Raper & Thom ex Fassat., Acta Univ. Carol., Biol. 1974: 326. 1977. [MB319269]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: AF033473 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674341; CaM = DQ911133; RPB2 = KU904352). ",""], [147,"Penicillium echinulonalgiovense S. Abe ex Houbraken & R.N. Bar- bosa Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1895. 2018. [MB822213]. ",2018,"","","saprobic in beehive, Brasil, protologue, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-018-1081-1","","","Penicillium echinulonalgiovense S. Abe ex Houbraken & R.N. Bar- bosa Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1895. 2018. [MB822213]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981587 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981631; CaM = KX961269; RPB2 = KX961301). ",""], [148,"Penicillium egyptiacum ",1933,"unrecorded in NZ","","? culture contaminant","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium egyptiacum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Para- sitenk., Abt. 2 88: 137. 1933 [MB263790]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Crustacea. ","ITS barcode: AF033467 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896810; CaM = JX996969; RPB2 = JN406598). ",""], [149,"Penicillium ehrlichii",1930,"unrecorded in NZ","","?","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium ehrlichii Kleb., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 48: 374. 1930. [MB319270]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981578 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981652; CaM = MN969253; RPB2 = KF296428). ",""], [150,"Penicillium elleniae ",2011,"","","leaf litter, protologue","","","Penicillium elleniae Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1470. 2011. [MB518028]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981612 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981663; CaM = MN969254; RPB2 = KF296429). ",""], [151,"Penicillium ellipsoideosporum",2000,"","","ficus seeds, protologue - saprobe?","","","Penicillium ellipsoideosporum L. Wang & W.Y. Kong, Mycosystema 19: 463. 2000. [MB467721]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. "," ITS barcode: JX012224 (alternative markers: BenA = JQ965104; CaM = AY678559; RPB2 = JN121427). ",""], [152,"Penicillium eremophilum",2017,"","","rotten fruit, protologue, presumably saprobe, no mention of disease","","","Penicillium eremophilum (A.D. Hocking & Pitt) Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 86: 47. 2017. [MB820075]. Basionym: Monascus eremophilus A.D. Hocking & Pitt, Mycologia 80: 84. 1988. [MB132383]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Eremophila, ser. Eremophila. ","ITS barcode: GU733341 (alternative markers: BenA = KY709170; CaM = KY611931; RPB2 = KY611970). ",""], [153,"Penicillium erubescens ",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium erubescens D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 14. 1968. [MB335726]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF033464 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ646566; CaM = EU427281; RPB2 = JN121490). ",""], [154,"Penicillium estinogenum ",1963,"unrecorded in NZ","","presumed saprobe, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium estinogenum A. Komatsu & S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB302397]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Gracilenta, ser. Estinogena. ","ITS barcode: MN431388 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969381; CaM = MN969255; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [155,"Penicillium euglaucum ",1940,"","","saprobe?, on Acacia, protologue","","","Penicillium euglaucum J.F.H. Beyma, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 6: 269. 1940. [MB289081]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Euglauca. ","ITS barcode: JN617699 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606856; CaM = JN606564; RPB2 = JN606594). ",""], [156,"Penicillium excelsum",2015,"","","saprobe, shell of nut, protologue","","","Penicillium excelsum Taniwaki et al., PLoS ONE 10: e0143189, 8. 2015. [MB811066]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: KR815341 (alternative markers: BenA = KP691061; CaM = KR815342; RPB2 = MN969166). ",""], [157,"Penicillium expansum ",1809,"present in NZ","plant path; Animal path (toxin)","plant pathogen, bulbs, apple, beets https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; mycotoxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; apples, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294; pathogen garlic, onion, tulip, iris, Dugan 2017","present in NZ +","ITS MW862779 (ICMP 2708, ex rotten apple); btub unpublished ex MPI","Penicillium expansum Link, Mag. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 16. 1809. [MB159382]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Penicillium. ","ITS barcode: AY373912 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674400; CaM = DQ911134; RPB2 = JF417427). ",""], [158,"Penicillium exsudans",2017,"","","rotten fruit, protologue, presumably saprobe, no mention of disease","","","Penicillium exsudans X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 8233, 7. 2017. [MB570336]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: KX885062 (alternative markers: BenA = KX885042; CaM = KX885052; RPB2 = KX885033). ",""], [159,"Penicillium fagi ",1978,"","","saprobe, dead leaves, protologue","","","Penicillium fagi C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 63: 57. 1978. [MB283595]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: AF481124 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834449; CaM = KP016784; RPB2 = JN406540). ",""], [160,"Penicillium fellutanum ",1923,"present in NZ","","nonpathogen on citrus, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ","","Penicillium fellutanum Biourge, Cellule 33: 262. 1923. [MB264748]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Fellutana. ","ITS barcode: AF033399 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834450; CaM = AY741753; RPB2 = JN121460). ",""], [161,"Penicillium fennelliae ",1969,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium fennelliae Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 261. 1969. [MB335728]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Brevicompacta. ","ITS barcode: JX313169 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969382; CaM = JX313151; RPB2 = JN406536). ",""], [162,"Penicillium fernandesiae",2018,"","","saprobic in beehive, protologue","","","Penicillium fernandesiae R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeu- wenhoek 111: 1895. 2018. [MB822209]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: MF278314 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969416; CaM = LT854649; RPB2 = LT854654). ",""], [163,"Penicillium fimorum",2016,"","","dung, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium fimorum Frisvad & Houbraken, Persoonia 36: 309. 2016. [MB815871]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Robsamsonia. ","ITS barcode: KU904343 (alternative markers: BenA = KT698889; CaM = KT698898; RPB2 = KT698908). ",""], [164,"Penicillium fimosum",2019,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium fimosum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 58. 2019 [2020]. [MB822069]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Atramentosa. ","ITS barcode: LT970836 (alternative markers: BenA = LT898273; CaM = LT970837; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [165,"Penicillium flavigenum ",1997,"unrecorded in NZ","","saprobe, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium flavigenum Frisvad & Samson, Mycol. Res. 101: 620. 1997. [MB437441]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997105 (alternative markers: BenA = AY495993; CaM = JX996281; RPB2 = JN406551). ",""], [166,"Penicillium flaviroseum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium flaviroseum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 528. 2018 [2019]. [MB818159]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: KY495032 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495141; CaM = MN969329; RPB2 = KY495083). ",""], [167,"Penicillium flavisclerotiatum ",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium flavisclerotiatum Visagie et al., Houbraken & K. Jacobs, Stud. Mycol. 78: 419. 2014 [MB809963]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189644 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088888; CaM = KM089275; RPB2 = KM089662). ",""], [168,"Penicillium fluviserpens",2015,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium fluviserpens S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: 0121987, 14. 2015. [MB807370]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KF932961 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932929; CaM = KF932946; RPB2 = KF933000). ",""], [169,"Penicillium formosanum ",1987,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium formosanum H.M. Hsieh et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Rep. China 2: 159. 1987. [MB126488]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Formosana, ser. Formosana. ","ITS barcode: KC411696 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674426; CaM = KU896835; RPB2 = JN406615). ",""], [170,"Penicillium fortuitum",2018,"","","dust, protologue","","","Penicillium fortuitum Visagie & Seifert, Persoonia 41: 387. 2018. [MB827860]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Fortuita. ","ITS barcode: MF803942 (alternative markers: BenA = MF803836; CaM = MF803932; RPB2 = MN969206). ",""], [171,"Penicillium fractum ",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium fractum Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 9: 51. 1968. [MB335729]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Inusitata, ser. Inusitata. ","ITS barcode: KC411674 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834452; CaM = MN969256; RPB2 = JN121441). ",""], [172,"Penicillium freii",2004,"unrecorded in NZ","","cereal mould, protologue; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxins, cereal spoilage, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium freii Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 28. 2004. [MB369274]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: MN431389 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896813; CaM = KU896836; RPB2 = KU904353). ","aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [173,"Penicillium frequentans ",1911,"present in NZ","","isolated from tulip bulbs, but taxonomy uncertain, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; soil etc, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","present in NZ +","","Penicillium frequentans Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 133. 1911. [MB152118]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","ITS barcode: KM189525 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088762; CaM = KM089147; RPB2 = KM089534). ","P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; Beta-tubulin BLAST slightly different to type of P. glabrum, but lots of putative P. frequentens identified as P. glabrum in GenBank; refc for new taxonomy http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; two ICMP cultures originally identified as P. frequentens now in database of P. glabrum but not certain about source of the redetermination"], [174,"Penicillium fructuariae-cellae",2019,"","","saprobe?, withered grapes, protologues","","","Penicillium fructuariae-cellae Lorenzini et al., Phytopathol. Medit. 58: 337. 2019. [MB831228]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: MK039434 (alternative markers: BenA = KU554679; CaM = MK045337; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [175,"Penicillium fundyense",2016,"","","ants, protologue","","","Penicillium fundyense Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 265. 2016. [MB815776]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Citreonigra. ","ITS barcode: KT887853 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887814; CaM = KT887775; RPB2 = MN969176). ",""], [176,"Penicillium fuscum",1923,"","","soil, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium fuscum (Sopp) Biourge, Cellule 33: 103. 1923. [MB289082]. Basionym: Citromyces fuscus Sopp, Skr. Vidensk.- Selsk. Christiana Math.-Nat. Kl. 11: 120. 1912. [MB178643]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: AF033411 (alternative markers: BenA = GQ367513; CaM = GQ367539; RPB2 = JN121483). ",""], [177,"Penicillium fusisporum ",2014,"","","saprobe, Protea, protologue","","","Penicillium fusisporum L. Wang, PLoS ONE 9: e101454, 2. 2014. [MB806119]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KF769424 (alternative markers: BenA = KF769400; CaM = KF769413; RPB2 = MN969117). ",""], [178,"Penicillium galliacum",1980,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium gallaicum C. Ramírez et al., Mycopathologia 72: 30. 1980. [MB113021]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Gallaica. ","ITS barcode: JN617690 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606837; CaM = JN606548; RPB2 = JN606609). ",""], [179,"Penicillium georgiense ",2009,"","","protologue, Aspergillus head; onion pathogen, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197 [Pathogenic on onion, moderately aggressive (lesions ~4-5mm at 10 days) (Oh & al. 2015: morpho-\ncultural, β-tubulin DNA sequences]","","","Penicillium georgiense S.W. Peterson & B.W. Horn, Mycologia 101: 79. 2009. [MB509290]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ramigena, ser. Georgiensia. ","ITS barcode: EF422852 (alternative markers: BenA = EF506223; CaM = EF506239; RPB2 = KM089734). ",""], [180,"Penicillium geumsanense",2019,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium geumsanense Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 101. 2019. [MB555412]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Glandicolarum. "," ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = MK481059; CaM = MK481062; RPB2 = MK481055). ",""], [181,"Penicillium glabrum ",1911,"present in NZ","","bulb pathogen, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; soil and litter doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; food spoilage, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin in spoiled food, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025; pomegranate fruit rot, https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-12-1347A","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775635, btub KJ775128","Penicillium glabrum (Wehmer) Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 131. 1911. [MB120545]. Basionym: Citromyces glaber Wehmer, Beitr. Einh. Pilze 1: 24. 1893. [MB178959]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","ITS barcode: GU981567 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981619; CaM = KM089152; RPB2 = JF417447). ","part of P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; "], [182,"Penicillium gladioli",1928,"present in NZ","plant path","Houbracken 2020 - Series Gladioli is associated with gladiolus bulb rot (Frisvad & Samson 2004b, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf). P. gladioli only. Dugan regards as taxonomically uncertain, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","present in NZ","","Penicillium gladioli L. McCulloch & Thom, Science 67: 217. 1928. [MB266048]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Gladioli. ","ITS barcode: AF033480 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674287; CaM = KU896837; RPB2 = MN969118). ",""], [183,"Penicillium glandicola ",1986,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","saprobe, acorns and dung, Houbracken 2020]; toxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium glandicola (Oudem.) Seifert & Samson, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 147. 1986 [1985]. [MB114761]. Basionym: Coremium glandi- cola Oudem., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 2: 918. 1903. [MB240065]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Glandicolarum. ","ITS barcode: AB479308 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896814; CaM = KU896838; RPB2 = KU904354). ",""], [184,"Penicillium glaucoalbidum",2011,"","","saprobe?, dried tissue, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium glaucoalbidum (Desmazi\u0004eres) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561965]. Basionym: Sclerotium glau- coalbidum Desm., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Ser. 3, 16: 329. 1851. [MB212120]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [185,"Penicillium glaucoroseum",1923,"","","saprobe? on stored tomato, protologue","present in NZ","ITS MN864187 (kauri root)","Penicillium glaucoroseum Demelius, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 72: 72. 1923. [MB158423]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: MN431390 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969383; CaM = MN969257; RPB2 = MN969119). ",""], [186,"Penicillium globosum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium globosum L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 529. 2018 [2019]. [MB818149]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KY495014 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495123; CaM = MN969330; RPB2 = KY495067). ",""], [187,"Penicillium godlewskii ",1927,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium godlewskii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 466. 1927. [MB266206]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617692 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606768; CaM = MN969258; RPB2 = JN606626). ",""], [188,"Penicillium goetzii ",2012,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium goetzii J. Rogers et al., Persoonia 29: 92. 2012. [MB801876]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Goetziorum. ","ITS barcode: JX997091 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896815; CaM = JX996971; RPB2 = JX996716). ",""], [189,"Penicillium gorlenkoanum ",1968,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium gorlenkoanum Baghd., Novosti Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 97. 1968. [MB335731]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","ITS barcode: GU944581 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944520; CaM = MN969259; RPB2 = JN606601). ",""], [190,"Penicillium gracilentum ",1973,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium gracilentum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 373. 1973. [MB319272]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Gracilenta, ser. Gracilenta. ","ITS barcode: KC411768 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834453; CaM = MN969260; RPB2 = JN121537). ",""], [191,"Penicillium grancanariae ",1978,"unrecorded in NZ","","air, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium grancanariae C. Ramírez et al., Mycopathologia 66: 79. 1978. [MB319273]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Spinulosa. ","ITS barcode: KM189529 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088766; CaM = KM089151; RPB2 = KM089538). ",""], [192,"Penicillium granulatum",1905,"","","apple juice; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989; patulin toxin not confirmed, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294; toxic, patulin, PMID: 1573564 [misidentified?]","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium granulatum Bainier, Bull. Soc. Mycol. Fr. 21: 126. 1905. [MB174620]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Glandicolarum. ","ITS barcode: DQ339565 (alternative markers: BenA = MT478038.; CaM = MT478036; RPB2 = MT478035). ",""], [193,"Penicillium gravinicasei",2018,"","","on cheese, protologue","","","Penicillium gravinicasei S.W. Peterson et al., Int. J. Food Microbiol. 282: 67. 2018. [MB823510]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Cinnamopurpurea. ","ITS barcode: MG600580 (alternative markers: BenA = MG600565; CaM = MG600570; RPB2 = MG600575). ",""], [194,"Penicillium grevilleicola ",2014,"","","saprobe, grevillea leaf, protologue","","","Penicillium grevilleicola Houbraken & Quaedvlieg, Stud. Mycol. 78: 423. 2014. [MB809964]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189630 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088874; CaM = KM089261; RPB2 = KM089648). ",""], [195,"Penicillium griseoazureum",1982,"","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium griseoazureum C. Moreau & M. Moreau ex C. Ramírez, Manual and Atlas of the Penicillia: 61, 1982; Penicillium griseo-azureum C. Moreau & M. Moreau, Revue Mycol. 6: 59, 1941 (nom. inval., Art. 36.1). [MB115800]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: KC411679 (alternative markers: BenA = KP016919; CaM = KP016823; RPB2 = KP016852). ",""], [196,"Penicillium griseoflavum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium griseoflavum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 531. 2018 [2019]. [MB818151]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KY495011 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495120; CaM = MN969331; RPB2 = KY495064). ",""], [197,"Penicillium griseofulvum ",1901,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin; on cereal and seeds, Houbracken 2020; toxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopiazonic_acid; dried foods, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxic, Frisvad 2018, 10.3920/WMJ2017.2294; apple post harvet rot https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-2347-x","present in NZ +","","Penicillium griseofulvum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB120566]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Urticicola. ","ITS barcode: AF033468 (alternative markers: BenA = JF909942; CaM = KT900574; RPB2 = JN121449). ",""], [198,"Penicillium griseolum",1957,"","","sand dunes, protologue","","","Penicillium griseolum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 40: 485. 1957. [MB302401]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Griseola, ser. Griseola. ","ITS barcode: EF422848 (alternative markers: BenA = EF506213; CaM = EF506232; RPB2 = JN121480). ",""], [199,"Penicillium griseopurpureum",1965,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium griseopurpureum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 48: 275. 1965. [MB335732]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: KF296408 (alternative markers: BenA = KF296467; CaM = MN969261; RPB2 = KF296431). ",""], [200,"Penicillium guaibinense",2018,"","","sand dunes, protologue","","","Penicillium guaibinense J.P. Andrade et al., Persoonia 41: 389. 2018. [MB827182]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: MH674389 (alternative markers: BenA = MH674391; CaM = MH674393; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [201,"Penicillium guanacastense",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium guanacastense K.G. Rivera et al., Mycotaxon 119: 324. 2011. [MB563044]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN626098 (alternative markers: BenA = JN625967; CaM = JN626010; RPB2 = KX961295). ",""], [202,"Penicillium guangxiense",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium guangxiense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 533. 2018 [2019]. [MB818150]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima.","ITS barcode: KY494986 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495095; CaM = MN969332; RPB2 = KY495045). ",""], [203,"Penicillium guttulosum",1927,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium guttulosum J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott, Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 1: 298. 1927. [MB266689]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: HQ646592 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ646576; CaM = HQ646587; RPB2 = MG386247). ",""], [204,"Penicillium hainanense",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium hainanense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 534. 2018 [2019]. [MB818156]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: KY495009 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495118; CaM = MN969333; RPB2 = KY495062). ",""], [205,"Penicillium halotolerans",2012,"","","soil, protologue","present in NZ","ITS KJ775636; btub KJ775129","Penicillium halotolerans Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 92. 2012. [MB801875]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997005 (alternative markers: BenA = JX996816; CaM = JX996935; RPB2 = JX996680). ",""], [206,"Penicillium hemitrachum",2016,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium hemitrachum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 99. 2016. [MB811004]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: FJ231003 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141048; CaM = JX157526; RPB2 = KP064642). ",""], [207,"Penicillium hennebertii",2011,"","","litter saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium hennebertii Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561964]. Replaced synonym: Thysanophora canadensis Stolk & Hennebert, Persoonia 5: 189. 1968. [MB340084]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: KJ834507 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834454; CaM = MN969262; RPB2 = JN121493). ",""], [208,"Penicillium hermansii",2018,"","","mushroom pathogen, smoky mould, mushroom compost, protologue, reports of other species associated with this disease probably incorrect, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1407-4","","","Penicillium hermansii Houbraken et al., Mycol. Prog. 18: 232. 2018. [MB823949]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: MG333472 (alternative markers: BenA = MG386214; CaM = MG386229; RPB2 = MG386242). ",""], [209,"Penicillium herquei ",1912,"present in NZ","","saprobe, plant tissue","present in NZ","","Penicillium herquei Bainier & Sartory, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 28: 121. 1912. [MB536431]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Herqueorum. ","ITS barcode: JN626101 (alternative markers: BenA = JN625970; CaM = JN626013; RPB2 = JN121494). ",""], [210,"Penicillium heteromorphum",1988,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium heteromorphum H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Mycosystema 1: 107. 1988. [MB135444]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: KC411702 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834455; CaM = KP016786; RPB2 = JN406605). ",""], [211,"Penicillium hetheringtonii",2010,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium hetheringtonii Houbraken et al., Fungal Diversity 44: 125. 2010. [MB518292]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","ITS barcode: GU944558 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944538; CaM = MN969263; RPB2 = JN606606). ",""], [212,"Penicillium hirayamae",1959,"unrecorded in NZ","","epitype is on rice; some chemistry done https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1971/J3/j39710003575#!divAbstract","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium hirayamae Udagawa, J. Agric. Soc. Tokyo 5: 6. 1959. [MB302402]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN626095 (alternative markers: BenA = JN625955; CaM = JN626003; RPB2 = JN121459). ",""], [213,"Penicillium hirsutum",1901,"unrecorded in NZ","plant path; Animal path (toxin)","plant pathogen bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxin, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium hirsutum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 89. 1901. [MB152720]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: AY373918 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969384; CaM = KU896840; RPB2 = JN406629). ",""], [214,"Penicillium hispanicum",1978,"unrecorded in NZ","","mould on citrus, no comment on pathogenicity, protologue [described with two other species, isolated from air]","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium hispanicum C. Ramírez et al., Mycopathologia 66: 77. 1978. [MB319274]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ramigena, ser. Ramigena. ","ITS barcode: JX841247 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834456; CaM = MN969264; RPB2 = JN406539). ",""], [215,"Penicillium hoeksii",2014,"","","soil and air, protologue","","","Penicillium hoeksii Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 423. 2014. [MB809965]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Hoeksiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189707 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088954; CaM = KM089341; RPB2 = KM089728). ",""], [216,"Penicillium hordei ",1969,"unrecorded in NZ","Plant pathogen; Animal path (toxin)","plant pathogen bulbs, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium hordei Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 270. 1969. [MB335734]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: MN431391 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969385; CaM = KU896841; RPB2 = KU904355). ",""], [217,"Penicillium ibericumi",2019,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium ibericum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 58. 2019 [2020]. [MB822070]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Atramentosa. ","ITS barcode: LT899782 (alternative markers: BenA = LT898285; CaM = LT899766; RPB2 = LT899800). ",""], [218,"Penicillium idahoense",1971,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium idahoense Paden, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 43: 259. 1971. [MB319275]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KC411747 (alternative markers: BenA = EF626953; CaM = EF626954; RPB2 = JN121499). ",""], [219,"Penicillium improvisum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium improvisum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 256. 2016. [MB815769]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Improvisa. ","ITS barcode: KT887867 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887828; CaM = KT887789; RPB2 = MN969169). ",""], [220,"Penicillium incoloratum",1994,"unrecorded in NZ","","bean seed, no indication of pathogenicity, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium incoloratum L.Q. Huang & Z.T. Qi, Acta Mycol. Sin. 13: 264. 1994. [MB363421]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Nodula. ","ITS barcode: KJ834508 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834457; CaM = KJ866984; RPB2 = JN406651). ",""], [221,"Penicillium indicum",1963,"","","from sputum, no indication that it is pathogenic, protologue","","","Penicillium indicum D.K. Sandhu & R.S. Sandhu, Canad. J. Bot. 41: 1273. 1963. [MB335735]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Indica. ","ITS barcode: AY742699 (alternative markers: BenA = EU427263; CaM = AY741744; RPB2 = JN406640). ",""], [222,"Penicillium infra-aurantiacum",2014,"","","protea flowers, saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium infra-aurantiacum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 426. 2014 [MB809966]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Sublectatica. ","ITS barcode: KM189684 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088930; CaM = KM089317; RPB2 = KM089704). ",""], [223,"Penicillium infrabuccalum",2016,"","","ants, protologue","","","Penicillium infrabuccalum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 275. 2016. [MB815782]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KT887856 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887817; CaM = KT887778; RPB2 = MN969181). ",""], [224,"Penicillium infrapurpureum",2014,"","","saprobe, house dust, protologue","","","Penicillium infrapurpureum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 116. 2014. [MB809181]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamo- purpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KJ775679 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ775172; CaM = KJ775406; RPB2 = MN969120). ",""], [225,"Penicillium inusitatum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium inusitatum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 20. 1968. [MB335736]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Inusitata, ser. Inusitata. ","ITS barcode: AF033431 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834458; CaM = MN969265; RPB2 = JN121503). ",""], [226,"Penicillium isariiforme",1957,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium isariiforme Stolk & J.A. Mey., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 40: 187. 1957. [MB302403]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ochrosalmonea, ser. Ochrosalmonea. ","ITS barcode: AF454077 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834459; CaM = MN969266; RPB2 = JN121470). ",""], [227,"Penicillium italicum",1894,"present in NZ","plant path; Animal path (toxin)","plant path, rot in Citrus, Houbracken 2020; toxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; citrus https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775641, btub KJ775134","Penicillium italicum Wehmer, Hedwigia 33: 211. 1894. [MB162660]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Italica. ","ITS barcode: KJ834509 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674398; CaM = DQ911135; RPB2 = JN121496). ",""], [228,"Penicillium jacksonii",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium jacksonii K.G. Rivera et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 151. 2011. [MB563160]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN686437 (alternative markers: BenA = JN686368; CaM = JN686391; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [229,"Penicillium jamesonlandense",2006,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium jamesonlandense Frisvad & Overy, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 1435. 2006. [MB521421]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Lanosa. ","ITS barcode: DQ267912 (alternative markers: BenA = DQ309448; CaM = KJ866985; RPB2 = MN969121). ",""], [230,"Penicillium janczewskii",1927,"present in NZ","","toxin; soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020; toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","","Penicillium janczewskii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 488. 1927. [MB120703]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: AY157487 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969386; CaM = MN969267; RPB2 = JN406612). ",""], [231,"Penicillium janthinellum",1923,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","soil, protologue; lots of synonyms in MB, presumably common; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989; Falloon 1985, ryegrass seeds in NZ, morphological ID","present in NZ +","KF280651 possibly from NZ","Penicillium janthinellum Biourge, Cellule 33: 258. 1923. [MB119134]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981585 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981625; CaM = MN969268; RPB2 = JN121497). ",""], [232,"Penicillium javanicum",1929,"unrecorded in NZ","","on living roots, protologue; no evidence of pathogenicity; toxin Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium javanicum J.F.H. Beyma, Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk. 26: 17. 1929. [MB268394]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata- Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981613 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981657; CaM = MN969269; RPB2 = JN121498). ",""], [233,"Penicillium jejuense",2015,"","","sand, protologues; litter, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium jejuense M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim, Mycologia 107: 212. 2015. [MB808392]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KF818464 (alternative markers: BenA = KF818461; CaM = KF818470; RPB2 = KF818467). ",""], [234,"Penicillium jensenii",1927,"present in NZ","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","present in NZ +","","Penicillium jensenii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 494. 1927. [MB120708]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: AY443470 (alternative markers: BenA = JX140954; CaM = AY443490; RPB2 = JN406614). ",""], [235,"Penicillium jianfenglingense",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium jianfenglingense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 535. 2018 [2019]. [MB818161]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: KY495016 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495125; CaM = MN969334; RPB2 = KY495069). ",""], [236,"Penicillium jiangxiense",2003,"","","Cordyceps, protologue; GenBank match to a specimen from an Antarctic microalga","","","Penicillium jiangxiense H.Z. Kong & Z.Q. Liang, Mycosystema 22: 4. 2003. [MB489161]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Jiangxiensia. ","ITS barcode: KJ890411 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ890409; CaM = KJ890407; RPB2 = MN969122). ",""], [237,"Penicillium johnkrugii",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium johnkrugii K.G. Rivera et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 151. 2011. [MB563161]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN686447 (alternative markers: BenA = JN686378; CaM = JN686401; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [238,"Penicillium jugoslavicum",1984,"unrecorded in NZ","","saprobe?, Helianthus seed, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium jugoslavicum C. Ramírez & Munt.-Cvetk., Mycopathologia 88: 65. 1984. [MB124173]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: KC773836 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773789; CaM = KC773815; RPB2 = JN406618). ",""], [239,"Penicillium kananaskense",1994,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue; doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium kananaskense Seifert et al., Canad. J. Bot. 72: 20. 1994. [MB362160]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Livida.","ITS barcode: KM189780 (alternative markers: BenA = KM089030; CaM = KM089417; RPB2 = KM089804). ",""], [240,"Penicillium katangense",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium katangense Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34: 42. 1968. [MB120725]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: AF033458 (alternative markers: BenA = KP016757; CaM = KP016788; RPB2 = KP064646). ",""], [241,"Penicillium kewense",1961,"","","culture contaminant, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium kewense G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 42. 1961. [MB335740]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Crustacea. ","ITS barcode: AF033466 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896816; CaM = JX996973; RPB2 = JF417428). ",""], [242,"Penicillium kiamaense",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium kiamaense Houbraken & Pitt, Stud. Mycol. 78: 426. 2014. [MB809967]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Kiamaensia. ","ITS barcode: KM189506 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088743; CaM = KM089128; RPB2 = KM089515). ",""], [243,"Penicillium kojigenum",1961,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium kojigenum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 43. 1961. [MB335741]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Lanosa. ","ITS barcode: AF033489 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834463; CaM = KJ867011; RPB2 = JN406564). ",""], [244,"Penicillium kongii",2013,"","","saprobe, leaves, not associated with disease, protologue","","","Penicillium kongii L. Wang, Mycologia 105: 1549. 2013. [MB803185]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Brevicompacta. ","ITS barcode: KC427191 (alternative markers: BenA = KC427171; CaM = KC427151; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [245,"Penicillium koreense",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium koreense S.B. Hong et al., J. Microbiol. Biotechnol 24: 1607. 2014. [MB808759]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: KJ801939 (alternative markers: BenA = KM000846; CaM = MN969317; RPB2 = MN969159). ",""], [246,"Penicillium kurssanovii",1950,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium kurssanovii Chalab., Bot. Mater. Otd. Sporov. Rast. 6: 168. 1950. [MB274327]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: EF422849 (alternative markers: BenA = KP016758; CaM = KP016789; RPB2 = KP064647). ",""], [247,"Penicillium labradoris",2020,"","","animal toxin, dog, protologue","","","Penicillium labradoris (as labradorum) Gibas et al., Med. Mycol., doi.org/10.1093/ mmy/myaa016. 2020. [MB831086]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: MK881918 (alternative markers: BenA = MK887898; CaM = MK887899; RPB2 = MK887900). ",""], [248,"Penicillium laeve",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium laeve (K. Ando & Manoch) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561960]. Basionym: Torulomyces laevis K. Ando & Manoch, Mycoscience 39: 317. 1998. [MB447110]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: KF667369 (alternative markers: BenA = KF667365; CaM = KF667367; RPB2 = KF667371). ",""], [249,"Penicillium laevigatum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium laevigatum L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 537. 2018 [2019]. [MB818154]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KY495015 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495124; CaM = MN969335; RPB2 = KY495068). ",""], [250,"Penicillium lagena",1983,"","","soil, protologue","present in NZ","","Penicillium lagena (Delitsch) Stolk & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 23: 100. 1983. [MB109162]. Basionym: Torulomyces lagena Delitsch, Sys- tematik der Schimmelpilze: 9. 1943. [MB340152]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303665 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303619; CaM = KF303634; RPB2 = JN121450). ",""], [251,"Penicillium lanosocoeruleum",1930,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","culture contaminant, protologue; toxin, DOI: 10.1139/m76-038","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium lanosocoeruleum Thom, Penicillia: 322. 1930. [MB268949]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Aethiopica. ","ITS barcode: JX997110 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896817; CaM = JX996967; RPB2 = JX996723). ",""], [252,"Penicillium lanosum",1911,"unrecorded in NZ","","from lichen, protologue; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ","","Penicillium lanosum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 97. 1911. [MB178497]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Lanosa. ","ITS barcode: DQ304540 (alternative markers: BenA = DQ285627; CaM = FJ530974; RPB2 = KU904356). ",""], [253,"Penicillium lapidosum",1948,"unrecorded in NZ","","from stored food, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium lapidosum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 524, 1948. [MB289094]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: MN431392 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834465; CaM = FJ530984; RPB2 = JN121500). ",""], [254,"Penicillium lassenii",1971,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium lassenii Paden, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 43: 266. 1971. [MB319281]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lasseniorum, ser. Lasseniorum. ","ITS barcode: KF303648 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303607; CaM = KF303629; RPB2 = JN121481). ",""], [255,"Penicillium lemhiflumine",2015,"","","air samples, protologue","","","Penicillium lemhiflumine S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: 0121987, 4. 2015. [MB807371]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KF932964 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932932; CaM = KF932949; RPB2 = KF933003). ",""], [256,"Penicillium lenticrescens",2014,"","","house dust","present in NZ","ITS KJ775675; KJ775168","Penicillium lenticrescens Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 123. 2014. [MB809184]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Soppiorum. ","ITS barcode: KJ775675 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ775168; CaM = KJ775404; RPB2 = MN969123). ",""], [257,"Penicillium levitum",1948,"unrecorded in NZ","","saprobe ex modelling clay, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium levitum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 511. 1948. [MB289096]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata- Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981607 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981654; CaM = MN969270; RPB2 = KF296432). ",""], [258,"Penicillium lilacinoechinulatum",1963,"present in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ - was previously recorded as present, based on synonymy with P. bilaiae","","Penicillium lilacinoechinulatum S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB120793]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: AY157489 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773790; CaM = KC773816; RPB2 = KX961293). ",""], [259,"Penicillium limosum",1995,"unrecorded in NZ","","marine sediment, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium limosum S. Ueda, Mycoscience 36: 451. 1995. [MB415136]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata- Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981568 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981621; CaM = MN969271; RPB2 = KF296433). ",""], [260,"Penicillium lineolatum",1977,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium lineolatum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Mycotaxon 5: 493. 1977. [MB319283]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata- Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: GU981579 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981620; CaM = MN969272; RPB2 = KF296434). ",""], [261,"Penicillium lividum",1911,"present in NZ","","soil, litter, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; [isolated from diseased rice, Abe 1956]","present in NZ +","","Penicillium lividum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 134. 1911. [MB178817]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Livida. ","ITS barcode: KM189582 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088825; CaM = KM089211; RPB2 = KM089598). ",""], [262,"Penicillium longicatenatum",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium longicatenatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 429. 2014. [MB809968]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Longicatenata. ","ITS barcode: KM189636 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088880; CaM = KM089267; RPB2 = KM089654). ",""], [263,"Penicillium longisporum",2011,"","","leaf litter, protologue","","","Penicillium longisporum (W.B. Kend.) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561966]. Basionym: Thysanophora long- ispora W.B. Kend., Canad. J. Bot. 39: 826. 1961. [MB340086]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [264,"Penicillium ludwigii",1969,"unrecorded in NZ","","stored rice seed, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium ludwigii Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 10: 2. 1969. [MB335744]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: KF296409 (alternative markers: BenA = KF296468; CaM = MN969273; RPB2 = KF296435). ","P. soli Doilom, C.F. Liao & D. Pem 2020 is a synonym (matching btub)"], [265,"Penicillium lunae",2019,"","","?saprobe, isolated from banana but no mention of disease","","","Penicillium lunae Visagie & N. Yilmaz, Persoonia 42: 449. 2019. [MB830682]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Indica. ","ITS barcode: MK450725 (alternative markers: BenA = MK451088; CaM = MK451660; RPB2 = MK450863). ",""], [266,"Penicillium lusitanum",2019,"","","sea water, protologue","","","Penicillium lusitanum Gonçalves & Alves, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 69: 3020. 2019. [MB830331]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Soppiorum. ","ITS barcode: MK702084 (alternative markers: BenA = MK702085; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [267,"Penicillium maclennaniae",1981,"unrecorded in NZ","","leaf surface, saprobe, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium maclennaniae H.Y. Yip, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 77: 202. 1981. [MB112523]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: KC411689 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834468; CaM = KP016791; RPB2 = KP064648). ",""], [268,"Penicillium macrosclerotiorum",2007,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium macrosclerotiorum L. Wang et al., Mycol. Res. 111: 1244. 2007. [MB492622]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Gracilenta, ser. Macrosclerotiorum. ","ITS bacode: KJ834511 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834469; CaM = DQ911123; RPB2 = JN121432).",""], [269,"Penicillium madriti",1961,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium madriti G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 44: 44. 1961. [MB335747]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Turbata, ser. Turbata. ","ITS barcode: AF033482 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834470; CaM = EU644076; RPB2 = JN406561). ",""], [270,"Penicillium magnielliptisporum",2014,"","","house dust, protologue","present in NZ","ITS KJ775686; btub KJ775179","Penicillium magnielliptisporum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 127. 2014. [MB809186]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Atramentosa. ","ITS barcode: KJ775686 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ775179; CaM = KJ775413; RPB2 = MN969124). ",""], [271,"Penicillium malacaense",1980,"","","air samples, protologue","","","Penicillium malacaense C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 72: 186. 1980. [MB113025]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: EU427300 (alternative markers: BenA = EU427268; CaM = KJ866997; RPB2 = JN406626). ",""], [272,"Penicillium malachiteum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium malachiteum (Yaguchi & Udagawa) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561971]. Basionym: Chromocleista malachitea Yaguchi & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 34: 102. 1993. [MB360067]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Herqueorum. ","ITS barcode: KC773838 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773794; CaM = KC773820; RPB2 = MN969125). ",""], [273,"Penicillium malacosphaerulum",2015,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium malacosphaerulum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14: 96, 16. 2015. [MB809819]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: FJ231026 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091524; CaM = JX141542; RPB2 = KF296438). ",""], [274,"Penicillium mali-pumilae",2019,"","","pathogen?; rotten apple and lily bulb, protologue; [Series Corymbifera, possible bulb associate, see Notes]","","","Penicillium mali-pumilae Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 101. 2019. [MB555410]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: KP900991 (alternative markers: BenA = MT425584; CaM = KP900992; RPB2 = MN969213). ",""], [275,"Penicillium mallochii",2012,"","","saprobe, caterpillar gut and leaf surface, protologue","","","Penicillium mallochii K.G. Rivera et al., Mycotaxon 119: 322. 2012. [MB563043]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN626104 (alternative markers: BenA = JN625973; CaM = JN626016; RPB2 = KX961296). ",""], [276,"Penicillium malmesburiense",2014,"","","saprobe, protea flowers, protologue","","","Penicillium malmesburiense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 429. 2014. [MB809969]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Sublectatica. ","ITS barcode: KM189676 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088921; CaM = KM089308; RPB2 = KM089695). ",""], [277,"Penicillium malodoratum",2014,"","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium malodoratum (Kwon-Chung & Fennell) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 355. 2014. [MB809316]. Basionym: Aspergillus malodoratus Kwon-Chung & Fennell, Gen. Aspergillus: 468. 1965. [MB326644]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Paradoxa. ","ITS barcode: AF033485 (alternative markers: BenA = EF669681; CaM = FJ530972; RPB2 = EF669672). ",""], [278,"Penicillium manginii",1931,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxin in spoiled food, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium manginii Duch\u0001e & R. Heim, Trav. Cryptog.: 450. 1931. [MB270490]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944599 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606651; CaM = MN969274; RPB2 = JN606618). ",""], [279,"Penicillium mariae-crucis",1982,"unrecorded in NZ","","Secale cereale, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium mariae-crucis Quintan., Av. Aliment. Mejora Anim. 23: 334. 1982. [MB114171]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981593 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981630; CaM = MN969275; RPB2 = KF296439). ",""], [280,"Penicillium marinum",2004,"","","toxins, nonpathogenic, protologue","","","Penicillium marinum Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 20. 2004. [MB370974]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Penicillium. ","ITS barcode: KJ834512 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674392; CaM = KU896842; RPB2 = KU904357). ",""], [281,"Penicillium marthae-christenseniae",2016,"","","saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium marthae-christenseniae Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 145. 2016. [MB808267]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303651 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303613; CaM = KF303645; RPB2 = KF303711). ",""], [282,"Penicillium maximae",2013,"","","saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium maximae Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 52. 2013. [MB803783]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: EU427298 (alternative markers: BenA = KC773795; CaM = KC773821; RPB2 = MN969126). ",""], [283,"Penicillium mediterraneum",2019,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium mediterraneum Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 61. 2019 [2020]. [MB822071]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Roquefortorum, ser. Roquefortorum. ","ITS barcode: LT899784 (alternative markers: BenA = LT898291; CaM = LT899768; RPB2 = LT899802). ",""], [284,"Penicillium melanoconidium",2004,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin [includes Penitrem A, 'acutely toxic], https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxins, cereal spoilage, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8","present in NZ","ITS KJ775644; btub KJ775137","Penicillium melanoconidium (Frisvad) Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 28. 2004. [MB368219]. Basionym: Penicillium aur- antiogriseum var. melanoconidium Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 849. 1989. [MB126407]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: MN431393 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969387; CaM = KU896843; RPB2 = KU904358). ","aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [285,"Penicillium melanostipe",2011,"","","litter, protologue","","","Penicillium melanostipe Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 47. 2011. [MB561970]. Replaced synonym: Thysanophora verrucosa Mercado et al., Mycotaxon 67: 419. 1998. [MB443755]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [286,"Penicillium melinii",1930,"present in NZ","","soil, protologue","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775645; btub KJ775138","Penicillium melinii Thom, Penicillia: 273. 1930. [MB270876]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: AF033449 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834471; CaM = KP016792; RPB2 = JN406613). ",""], [287,"Penicillium meliponae",2018,"","","saprobic in beehive, protologue","","","Penicillium meliponae R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1897. 2018. [MB822210]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: MF278315 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969418; CaM = LT854648; RPB2 = LT854653). ",""], [288,"Penicillium mellis",2018,"","","saprobic in beehive, protologue","","","Penicillium mellis R.N. Barbosa et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 111: 1900. 2018. [MB822211]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: MN431398 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969417; CaM = MN969327; RPB2 = LT854652). ",""], [289,"Penicillium meloforme",1973,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium meloforme Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 376. 1973. [MB120882]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: KC411762 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981656; CaM = MN969276; RPB2 = KF296440). ",""], [290,"Penicillium menonorum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium menonorum S.W. Peterson, IMA Fungus 2: 122. 2011. [MB519297]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: HQ646591 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ646573; CaM = HQ646584; RPB2 = KF900194). ",""], [291,"Penicillium meridianum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium meridianum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 12. 1968. [MB335750]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: AF033451 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834472; CaM = KP016794; RPB2 = JN406576). ",""], [292,"Penicillium mexicanum",2014,"","","house dust, protologue","","","Penicillium mexicanum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 125. 2014. [MB809185]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Atramentosa. ","ITS barcode: KJ775685 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ775178; CaM = KJ775412; RPB2 = MN969127). ",""], [293,"Penicillium miczynskii",1927,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","soil, protologue; toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","","Penicillium miczynskii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 482. 1927. [MB271171]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944600 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606706; CaM = MN969277; RPB2 = JN606623). ",""], [294,"Penicillium minnesotense",2019,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium minnesotense Jurjevi\u0001c et al., Persoonia 42: 445. 2019. [MB830666]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. "," ITS barcode: MK791277 (alternative markers: BenA = MK803429; CaM = MK803430; RPB2 = MK796158). ",""], [295,"Penicillium momoii",2016,"","","mite from flower, protologue","","","Penicillium momoii Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 99. 2016. [MB811007]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: JX140895 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141073; CaM = JX157479; RPB2 = KP064673). ",""], [296,"Penicillium mononematosum",1990,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","mouldy amaranthus seed, soil, etc protologue; toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium mononematosum (Frisvad et al.) Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 857. 1990. [MB126406]. Basionym: Penicillium glandicola var. mon- onematosum Frisvad, Filt. & Wicklow, Canad. J. Bot. 65: 767. 1987. [MB131770]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997082 (alternative markers: BenA = AY495997; CaM = JX996964; RPB2 = JX996709). ",""], [297,"Penicillium monsgalena",2015,"","","corn meal, protologue","","","Penicillium monsgalena S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: 0121987, 17. 2015. [MB807372]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KF932959 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932927; CaM = KF932943; RPB2 = KF932997). ",""], [298,"Penicillium monsserratidens",2015,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium monsserratidens S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: 0121987, 19. 2015. [MB807373]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KF932962 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932930; CaM = KF932947; RPB2 = KF933001). ",""], [299,"Penicillium montanense",1962,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue; doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; [isolated from diseased rice, Abe 1956]","present in NZ +","ITS MN148687 (Agathis root)","Penicillium montanense M. Chr. & Backus, Mycologia 54: 574. 1962. [MB335752]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189551 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088789; CaM = KM089174; RPB2 = KM089561). ",""], [300,"Penicillium murcianum",1981,"","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium murcianum C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 74: 37. 1981 [MB112524]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: MN431400 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969419; CaM = MN969341; RPB2 = MN969202). ",""], [301,"Penicillium nalgiovense",1932,"unrecorded in NZ","","cheese, protologue; salami curing etc, http://www.schimmel-schimmelpilze.de/penicillium-nalgiovense.html","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium nalgiovense Laxa, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 86: 160. 1932. [MB114239]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: AY371617 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896811; CaM = JX996974; RPB2 = JX996719). ",""], [302,"Penicillium namyslowskii",1927,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium namyslowskii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Aead. Polonc. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B, Sci. Nat. 1927: 479. 1927. [MB272006]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: AF033463 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141067; CaM = KP016795; RPB2 = JF417430). ",""], [303,"Penicillium neocrassum",2007,"","","saprobe on healthy grape, protologue","","","Penicillium neocrassum R. Serra & S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 99: 81. 2007. [MB504767]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Brevicompacta. ","ITS barcode: DQ645805 (alternative markers: BenA = DQ645794; CaM = DQ645809; RPB2 = JN406633). ",""], [304,"Penicillium neoechinulatum",2004,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxin, cereal spoilage, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium neoechinulatum (Frisvad et al.) Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 28. 2004. [MB368218]. Basionym: Penicillium aur- antiogriseum var. neoechinulatum Frisvad et al., Canad. J. Bot. 65: 767. 1987. [MB131767]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: JN942722 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969388; CaM = KU896844; RPB2 = JN985406). ","aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [305,"Penicillium neomiczynskii",2011,"","","soil, protologue","present in NZ","ITS JN617671 ; btub JN606705","Penicillium neomiczynskii A.L.J. Cole et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 105. 2011. [MB563192]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617671 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606705; CaM = MN969278; RPB2 = MN969128). ",""], [306,"Penicillium nepalense",1983,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium nepalense Takada & Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 24: 146. 1983. [MB108327]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS bacode: KC411692 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834474; CaM = KP016796; RPB2 = JN121453).",""], [307,"Penicillium nigricans",1930,"","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium nigricans Bainier ex Thom, Penicillia: 351. 1930. [MB119303]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: KC411755 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ866965; CaM = KJ867012; RPB2 = KP016857). ",""], [308,"Penicillium nodulum",1988,"unrecorded in NZ","","mouldy pork, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium nodulum H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Mycosystema 1: 108. 1988. [MB135445]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Nodula. ","ITS barcode: KC411703 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834475; CaM = KJ867003; RPB2 = JN406603). ",""], [309,"Penicillium nordicum",1986,"","","cured meat and cheese, protologue; Species are associated with stored cereal grains (P. verrucosum) and dried or salted meat products; they can also grow on cheese, Houbracken 2020; mycotoxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","","","Penicillium nordicum Dragoni & Cantoni ex C. Ramírez, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst: 139. 1986 [1985]. [MB114762]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Verrucosa. ","ITS barcode: KJ834513 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969389; CaM = KU896845; RPB2 = KU904359). ",""], [310,"Penicillium nothofagi",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium nothofagi Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 105. 2011. [MB563189]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617712 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606732; CaM = JN606507; RPB2 = MN969129). ",""], [311,"Penicillium novae-zeelandiae",1940,"present in NZ","","on Sclerotinia, protologue","present in NZ +","ITS KP016846; btub KP016926 (ex grape stem)","Penicillium novae-zeelandiae J.F.H. Beyma, Antonie van Leeu- wenhoek 6: 275. 1940. [MB522253]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Atroveneta. ","ITS barcode: JN617688 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969390; CaM = MN969279; RPB2 = JN406628). ",""], [312,"Penicillium nucicola",2016,"","","fallen nuts, protologue","","","Penicillium nucicola Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 259. 2016. [MB815771]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Atroveneta. ","ITS barcode: KT887860 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887821; CaM = KT887782; RPB2 = MN969171). ",""], [313,"Penicillium ochrochloron",1923,"unrecorded in NZ","","?; no hint that pathogenic","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium ochrochloron Biourge, Cellule 33: 269. 1923. [MB272701]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU981604 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981672; CaM = MN969280; RPB2 = KF296445). ",""], [314,"Penicillium ochrosalmoneum",1959,"unrecorded in NZ","","stored rice, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium ochrosalmoneum Udagawa, J. Agric. Sci. Tokyo Nogyo Daig. 5: 10. 1959. [MB302409]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ochrosalmonea, ser. Ochrosalmonea. ","ITS barcode: EF626961 (alternative markers: BenA = EF506212; CaM = EF506237; RPB2 = JN121524). ",""], [315,"Penicillium odoratum",1961,"","","soil, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; [isolated from diseased rice, Abe 1956]","","","Penicillium odoratum M. Chr. & Backus, Mycologia 53: 459. 1961. [MB335755]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Livida. ","ITS barcode: KC411730 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834478; CaM = KM089363; RPB2 = JN406583). ",""], [316,"Penicillium olsonii",1912,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","high altitude tropics, glasshouses on tomato, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; pathogen in glasshouses, schimmel-schimmelpilze.de/penicillium-olsonii.html; herbicidal and Allelochemical compounds http://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium olsonii Bainier & Sartory, Ann. Mycol. 10: 398. 1912. [MB121021]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Olsoniorum. ","ITS barcode: EU587341 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674445; CaM = DQ658165; RPB2 = JN121464). ",""], [317,"Penicillium onobense",1981,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium onobense C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 74: 44. 1981. [MB112525]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981575 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981627; CaM = MN969281; RPB2 = KF296447). ",""], [318,"Penicillium oregonense",2016,"","","saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium oregonense Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 145. 2016. [MB808268]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303668 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303623; CaM = KF303640; RPB2 = KF303710). ",""], [319,"Penicillium ornatum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium ornatum Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 9: 49. 1968. [MB335756]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ramigena, ser. Ramigena. ","ITS barcode: KC411687 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834479; CaM = MN969282; RPB2 = JN121451). ",""], [320,"Penicillium ortum",2015,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium ortum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycol. Prog. 14 (no. 96): 18. 2015. [MB809820]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: JX091427 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091520; CaM = JX141551; RPB2 = KF296443). ",""], [321,"Penicillium osmophilum",1974,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium osmophilum Stolk & Veenb.-Rijks, Antonie van Leeu- wenhoek 40: 1. 1974. [MB319288]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Osmophila, ser. Osmophila. ","ITS barcode: EU427295 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969391; CaM = KU896846; RPB2 = JN121518). ",""], [322,"Penicillium ovatum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium ovatum (K. Ando & Nawawi) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB561961]. Basionym: Torulomyces ovatus K. Ando & Nawawi, Mycoscience 39: 317. 1998. [MB447111]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: KF667370 (alternative markers: BenA = KF667366; CaM = KF667368; RPB2 = KF667372). ",""], [323,"Penicillium oxalicum",1915,"present in NZ","","pathogen, cucumber, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; animal toxin, DOI: 10.1139/m76-038; pathogen of Ipomoea and Dioscorea, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197","present in NZ","","Penicillium oxalicum Currie & Thom, J. Biol. Chem. 22: 289. 1915. [MB121033]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Oxalica. ","ITS barcode: AF033438 (alternative markers: BenA = KF296462; CaM = MN969283; RPB2 = JN121456). ",""], [324,"Penicillium pagulum",2016,"","","protea flower, protologue","","","Penicillium pagulum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 102. 2016. [MB811005]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: JX140898 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141070; CaM = JX157519; RPB2 = KP064655). ",""], [325,"Penicillium palitans",1911,"present in NZ","","Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; toxins https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ","ITS KJ775648; btub KJ775141","Penicillium palitans Westling, Ark Bot. 11: 83. 1911. [MB203604]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: KJ834514 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834480; CaM = KU896847; RPB2 = KU904360). ",""], [326,"Penicillium palmense",1978,"unrecorded in NZ","","toxin; air sample, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; toxin, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium palmense C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 66: 80. 1978. [MB319289]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Spinulosa. ","ITS barcode: KJ834515 (alternative markers: BenA = GQ367508; CaM = GQ367534; RPB2 = JN406566). ",""], [327,"Penicillium pancosmium",2011,"","","forest litter, protologue","present in NZ","btub JN606791.1 , Cmd JN606447.1 ","Penicillium pancosmium Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 108. 2011. [MB563191]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617660 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606790; CaM = MN969284; RPB2 = MN969130). ",""], [328,"Penicillium paneum",1996,"","","bread, protologue; toxins, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; has been reported as beet pathogen, but taxoomy dodgy, 10.5248/134.197","","","Penicillium paneum Frisvad, Microbiology 142: 546. 1996. [MB415570]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Roquefortorum, ser. Roquefortorum. ","ITS barcode: HQ442346 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674387; CaM = HQ442331; RPB2 = KU904361). ",""], [329,"Penicillium panissanguineum",2016,"","","soil on termite mound, protologue","","","Penicillium panissanguineum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 275. 2016. [MB815783]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KT887862 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887823; CaM = KT887784; RPB2 = MN969182). ",""], [330,"Penicillium paradoxum",2014,"","","dung, NZ, protologue","present in NZ","ITS MH858700","Penicillium paradoxum (Fennell & Raper) Samson et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 352. 2014. [MB547045]. Basionym: Aspergillus paradoxus Fennell & Raper, Mycologia 47: 69. 1955. [MB292853]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Paradoxa, ser. Paradoxa. ","ITS barcode: EF669707 (alternative markers: BenA = EF669683; CaM = EF669692; RPB2 = EF669670). ",""], [331,"Penicillium paraherquei",1963,"unrecorded in NZ","","bulb pathogen, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; path garlic and onion Dugan et al. 2017","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium paraherquei S. Abe ex G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 46: 335. 1963. [MB302412]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: AF178511 (alternative markers: BenA = KF296465; CaM = MN969285; RPB2 = KF296449). ",""], [332,"Penicillium parviverrucosum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium parviverrucosum (K. Ando & Pitt) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB561962]. Basionym: Torulomyces parviverrucosus K. Ando & Pitt, Mycoscience 39: 317. 1998. [MB447109]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [333,"Penicillium parvofructum",2017,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium parvofructum Guevara-Suarez et al., Persoonia 38: 353. 2017. [MB819947]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: LT559091 (alternative markers: BenA = LT627645; CaM = LT627646; RPB2 = MN969197). ",""], [334,"Penicillium parvulum",2009,"","","spoiled peanuts in association with Aspergillus, protologue","","","Penicillium parvulum S.W. Peterson & B.W. Horn, Mycologia 101: 75. 2009. [MB509289]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Cinnamopurpurea. ","ITS barcode: EF422845 (alternative markers: BenA = EF506218; CaM = EF506225; RPB2 = MN969131). ",""], [335,"Penicillium parvum",1948,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium parvum Raper & Fennell, Mycologia 40: 508. 1948. [MB289101]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF033460 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ646568; CaM = KF900173; RPB2 = JN406559). ",""], [336,"Penicillium pasqualense",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium pasqualense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 108. 2011. [MB563190]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617676 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606673; CaM = MN969286; RPB2 = JN606617). ",""], [337,"Penicillium paxilli",1907,"present in NZ","","animal pathogen, DOI: 10.1139/m76-038","present in NZ +","ATCC:26601, from NZ?; btub AY846880","Penicillium paxilli Bainier, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 95. 1907. [MB203838]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Paxillorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944577 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606844; CaM = JN606566; RPB2 = JN606610). ",""], [338,"Penicillium pedernalense",2018,"","","shrimp, protologue","","","Penicillium pedernalense Laich & J. Andrade, Index Fungorum 361: 1. 2018. [MB554533]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KU255398 (alternative markers: BenA = KU255396; CaM = MN969322; RPB2 = MN969184). ",""], [339,"Penicillium penarojense",2011,"","","litter and soil saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium penarojense Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1471. 2011. [MB518024]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: GU981570 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981646; CaM = MN969287; RPB2 = KF296450). ",""], [340,"Penicillium persicinum",2004,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium persicinum L. Wang et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 86: 177. 2004. [MB500259]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Persicina. ","ITS barcode: JX997072 (alternative markers: BenA = JF909951; CaM = JX996954; RPB2 = JN406644). ",""], [341,"Penicillium philippinense",1972,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium philippinense Udagawa & Y. Horie, J. Jap. Bot. 47: 341. 1972. [MB319291]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: KC411770 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834482; CaM = KP016799; RPB2 = JN406543). ",""], [342,"Penicillium phoeniceum",1933,"unrecorded in NZ","","sooty mould mycelium, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium phoeniceum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Para- sitenk., Abt. 2 88: 136. 1933. [MB274284]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Charlesia, ser. Phoenicea.","ITS barcode: KC411711 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834483; CaM = AY741729; RPB2 = JN406597). ",""], [343,"Penicillium pimiteouiense",1999,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","human diseased tissue, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium pimiteouiense S.W. Peterson, Mycologia 91: 271. 1999. [MB460126]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF037431 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ646569; CaM = HQ646580; RPB2 = JN406650). ",""], [344,"Penicillium piscarium",1911,"unrecorded in NZ","","olive oil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium piscarium Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 86. 1911. [MB211321]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU981600 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981668; CaM = MN969288; RPB2 = KF296451). ",""], [345,"Penicillium polonicum",1927,"","","plant pathogen bulbs, minor disease on beets, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197, garlic, onion; https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxins https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; cereal spoilage, toxins, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8; toxin in spoiled food, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025","present in NZ","","Penicillium polonicum K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 445. 1927. [MB274889]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: AF033475 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969392; CaM = KU896848; RPB2 = JN406609). ","aurantiogriseum complex https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [346,"Penicillium porphyreum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium porphyreum Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB561959]. Replaced synonym: Monocillium humicola var. brunneum M. Chr. & Backus, Mycologia 56: 498.1964. [MB353642]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces.","ITS barcode: KF303666 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303621; CaM = KF303636; RPB2 = KF303677). ",""], [347,"Penicillium psychrosexuale",2010,"","","wood in cool store, protologue","","","Penicillium psychrosexuale [as “psychrosexualis”] Houbraken & Samson, IMA Fungus 1: 174. 2010. [MB834590]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Roquefortorum, ser. Roquefortorum. ","ITS barcode: HQ442345 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ442356; CaM = HQ442330; RPB2 = KU904362). ",""], [348,"Penicillium psychrotrophicum",2019,"","","pathogen?, Codonopsis root, protologue; [Series Corymbifera, possible bulb associate, see Notes]; ","","","Penicillium psychrotrophicum Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 96: 103. 2019. [MB555409]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: KP941754 (alternative markers: BenA = KP900995; CaM = KP900994; RPB2 = MN969212). ",""], [349,"Penicillium pullum",2002,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium pullum S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1115. 2002. [MB483982]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Stolkia, ser. Stolkia. ","ITS bacode: AF033443 (alternative markers: BenA = JN617719; CaM = AF481134; RPB2 = MN969132).",""], [350,"Penicillium pulvillorum",1939,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium pulvillorum Turfitt, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 23: 186. 1939. [MB275682]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: AF178517 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981670; CaM = MN969289; RPB2 = KF296452). ",""], [351,"Penicillium pulvis",2014,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium pulvis Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 429. 2014. [MB809970]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","ITS barcode: KM189632 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088876; CaM = KM089263; RPB2 = KM089650). ","part of P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002;"], [352,"Penicillium punicae",2017,"","","pomegranate fruit, protologue","","","Penicillium punicae Hyang B. Lee et al., Fungal Diversity 83: 103. 2017. [MB818233]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = KX839673; CaM = KX839671; RPB2 = KX839675). ",""], [353,"Penicillium purpurescens",1923,"present in NZ","","soil, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; [isolated from diseased rice, Abe 1956]; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ","","Penicillium purpurescens [as “purpurascens”] (Sopp) Biourge, La Cellule 33: 105. 1923. [MB335761]. Basionym: Citromyces purpur- rescens Sopp, Skr. Vidensk.-Selsk. Christiana, Math.-Naturvidensk. Kl. 11: 117. 1912. [MB568761]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","ITS barcode: KM189561 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088801; CaM = KM089186; RPB2 = KM089573). ","part of P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; "], [354,"Penicillium pusillum",1939,"","","dried peas, protologue","","","Penicillium pusillum G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 22 (3–4): 254. 1939. [MB275810]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Jiangxiensia. ","ITS barcode: EF626951 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932925; CaM = KF932941; RPB2 = KF932995). ",""], [355,"Penicillium quebecense",2011,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium quebecense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 111. 2011. [MB563202]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617661 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606700; CaM = JN606509; RPB2 = JN606622). ",""], [356,"Penicillium quercetorum",1968,"","","soil, protologue; doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium quercetorum Baghd., Novosti Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 110. 1968. [MB335762]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Quercetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189556 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088795; CaM = KM089180; RPB2 = KM089567). ",""], [357,"Penicillium raciborskii",1927,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue; toxin, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium raciborskii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 454. 1927. [MB276002]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: AF033447 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141069; CaM = KP016800; RPB2 = JN406607). ",""], [358,"Penicillium radiatolobatum",1972,"","","soil, protologue; soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium radiatolobatum Lörinczi, Publ. Soc. Nat. Rom. Pent. Stiinta Sol. 10B: 435. 1972. [MB114326]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia. ","ITS barcode: KC411745 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969413; CaM = MT066183; RPB2 = MN969168). ",""], [359,"Penicillium radicicola",2003,"","","plant pathogen bulbs; https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; mycotoxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; toxins https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; pathogen onion, garlic, Dugan 2017; although protologue mentions mycotoxin production rather than bulb pathogen, the other species in the paper with protologue associated with mouldy bulbs elsewhere","","","Penicillium radicicola Overy & Frisvad, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 26: 633. 2003. [MB488233]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: KJ834516 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969393; CaM = MN969290; RPB2 = MN969133). ",""], [360,"Penicillium raistrickii",1933,"present in NZ","","toxin, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","","Penicillium raistrickii G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 18: 90. 1933. [MB276069]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Raistrickiorum. ","ITS barcode: AY373927 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834485; CaM = KJ867006; RPB2 = JN406592). ",""], [361,"Penicillium ramusculum",1955,"","","culture contaminant, protologue","","","Penicillium ramusculum Bat. & H. Maia, Anais Soc. Biol. Pernam- buco 13: 27. 1955. [MB302419]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Ramigena, ser. Ramigena. ","ITS barcode: EF433765 (alternative markers: BenA = EU427269; CaM = EU427278; RPB2 = JN121472). ",""], [362,"Penicillium ranomafanaense",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium ranomafanaense Houbraken & Hagen, Stud. Mycol. 78: 433. 2014. [MB809971]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Verhageniorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189541 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088779; CaM = KM089164; RPB2 = KM089551). ",""], [363,"Penicillium raperi",1957,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium raperi G. Sm., Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 40: 486. 1957. [MB302421]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: AF033433 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981622; CaM = MN969291; RPB2 = KF296453). ",""], [364,"Penicillium raphiae",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium raphiae Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 114. 2011. [MB563203]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617673 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606657; CaM = MN969292; RPB2 = JN606619). ",""], [365,"Penicillium reconvexovelosoi",2019,"","","sandbank, protologue","","","Penicillium reconvexovelosoi J.P. Andrade et al., Persoonia 43: 383, 2019. [MB832747]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = MN497417; CaM = MN497418; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [366,"Penicillium repenticola (as repensicola)",2016,"","","protea bracht, protologue","","","Penicillium repensicola Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 102. 2016. [MB811006]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: JX140893 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141150; CaM = JX157490; RPB2 = KP064660). ",""], [367,"Penicillium restingae",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium restingae J.P. Andrade et al., Persoonia 32: 293. 2014. [MB807051]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Adametziorum. ","ITS barcode: KF803355 (alternative markers: BenA = KF803349; CaM = KF803352; RPB2 = MN969134). ",""], [368,"Penicillium restrictum",1927,"present in NZ","","soil, protologue","present in NZ","ITS KJ775656; btub KJ775149","Penicillium restrictum J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott, Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 1: 297. 1927. [MB276289]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Restricta. ","ITS barcode: AF033457 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834486; CaM = KP016803; RPB2 = JN121506). ",""], [369,"Penicillium reticulisporum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium reticulisporum Udagawa, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 9: 52. 1968. [MB335763]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: AF033437 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969394; CaM = MN969293; RPB2 = KF296454). ",""], [370,"Penicillium ribis (as ribium)",2006,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium ribium Frisvad & Overy, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 1436. 2006. [MB501061]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Lanosa. ","ITS barcode: DQ267916 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969395; CaM = KJ866995; RPB2 = JN406631). ",""], [371,"Penicillium riverlandense",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium riverlandense Visagie & K. Jacobs, Persoonia 36: 149. 2016. [MB808269]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: JX091457 (alternative markers: BenA = JX091580; CaM = JX141593; RPB2 = KF303685). ",""], [372,"Penicillium robsamsonii",2016,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium robsamsonii Frisvad & Houbraken, Persoonia 36: 313. 2016. [MB815872]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Robsamsonia. ","ITS barcode: KU904339 (alternative markers: BenA = KT698885; CaM = KT698894; RPB2 = KT698904). ",""], [373,"Penicillium rolfsii",1930,"unrecorded in NZ","","ananas fruit, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium rolfsii Thom, Penicillia: 489. 1930. [MB276674]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. "," ITS barcode: JN617705 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981667; CaM = MN969294; RPB2 = KF296455). ",""], [374,"Penicillium roqueforti",1906,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","present in NZ +","IGS LT839872","Penicillium roqueforti Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 82: 35. 1906. [MB213525]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Roquefortorum, ser. Roquefortorum. ","ITS barcode: HQ442347 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969396; CaM = HQ442332; RPB2 = JN406611). ",""], [375,"Penicillium roseomaculatum",1923,"","","soil etc, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","present in NZ","ITS KM189465; btub KM088697","Penicillium roseomaculatum Biourge, Cellule 33: 301. 1923. [MB276785]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Spinulosa. ","ITS barcode: KM189755 (alternative markers: BenA = KM089004; CaM = KM089391; RPB2 = KM089778). ",""], [376,"Penicillium roseopurpureum",1901,"present in NZ","","soil, CBS 266.29, neotype","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775658; btub KJ775151","Penicillium roseopurpureum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 86. 1901. [MB213447]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Roseopurpurea. ","ITS barcode: GU944605 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606838; CaM = JN606556; RPB2 = JN606613). ",""], [377,"Penicillium roseoviride",1935,"","","soil, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium roseoviride Stapp & Bortels, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Para- sitenk., Abt. 2 93: 51. 1935. [MB492646]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189549 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088787; CaM = KM089172; RPB2 = KM089559). ",""], [378,"Penicillium rubefaciens",1982,"unrecorded in NZ","","sandy soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium rubefaciens Quintan., Mycopathologia 80: 73. 1982. [MB109998]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: KC411677 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834487; CaM = KP016804; RPB2 = JN406627). ",""], [379,"Penicillium rubens",1923,"","","?","present in NZ +","ITS KJ775665; btub KJ775158","Penicillium rubens Biourge, Cellule 33: 265. 1923. [MB276884]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997057 (alternative markers: BenA = JF909949; CaM = JX996263; RPB2 = JX996658). ",""], [380,"Penicillium rubidurum",1973,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium rubidurum Udagawa & Y. Horie, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 14: 381. 1973. [MB319295]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF033462 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ646574; CaM = HQ646585; RPB2 = JN406545). ",""], [381,"Penicillium rubriannulatum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium rubriannulatum L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 539. 2018 [2019]. [MB818162]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: KY495029 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495138; CaM = MN969336; RPB2 = KY495080). ",""], [382,"Penicillium rudallense",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium rudallense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 433. 2014. [MB809972]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Glabra. ","ITS barcode: KM189504 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088741; CaM = KM089126; RPB2 = KM089513). ","part of P. glabrum complex, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002;"], [383,"Penicillium saanichanum",2020,"","","house dust, protologue","","","Penicillium saanichanum Visagie, Assabgui & Seifert","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, based on ITS BLAST, isolated phylogentically","ITS barcode: KY469059 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088741; CaM = KM089126; RPB2 = KM089513). ","not treated by Houbracken 2020"], [384,"Penicillium sacculum",1926,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium sacculum E. Dale, Ann. Mycol. 24: 137. 1926. [MB277209]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Eladia, ser. Eladia. ","ITS barcode: KC411707 (alternative markers: BenA = KY469096; CaM = KY469020; RPB2 = MN795070). ",""], [385,"Penicillium sajarovii",1981,"unrecorded in NZ","","Secale cereale, protologue; name not been used","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium sajarovii Quintan., Av. Aliment. Majora Anim. 22: 539. 1981. [MB114172]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Raistrickiorum. ","ITS barcode: KC411724 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969397; CaM = MN969295; RPB2 = JN406588). ",""], [386,"Penicillium salamii",2014,"","","salalmi, protologue","","","Penicillium salamii G. Perrone et al., Int. J. Food Microb. 193: 93. 2014. [MB809645]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Olsoniorum. ","ITS barcode: HG514431 (alternative markers: BenA = HG514437; CaM = HG514432; RPB2 = MN969160). ",""], [387,"Penicillium salmoniflumine",2015,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium salmoniflumine S.W. Peterson et al., PLoS ONE 10: 0121987, 21. 2015. [MB807374]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Idahoensia. ","ITS barcode: KF932960 (alternative markers: BenA = KF932928; CaM = KF932945; RPB2 = KF932999). ",""], [388,"Penicillium samsonianum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium samsonianum L. Wang et al., Persoonia 36: 313. 2016. [MB815873]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Osmophila, ser. Samsoniorum. ","ITS barcode: KJ668590 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ668582; CaM = KJ668586; RPB2 = KT698899). ",""], [389,"Penicillium sanguifluum",1923,"","","?","present in NZ","ITS KJ775667; btub KJ775160","Penicillium sanguifluum (Sopp) Biourge, Cellule 33: 105. 1923. [MB356682]. Basionym: Citromyces sanguifluus Sopp, Skr. Vidensk.- Selsk. Christiana Math.-Nat. Kl. 11: 115. 1912. [MB491120]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Roseopurpurea. ","ITS barcode: JN617681 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606819; CaM = JN606555; RPB2 = MN969135). ",""], [390,"Penicillium sanshaensee",2017,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium sanshaense X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 8233, 9. 2017. [MB570337]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Herqueorum. ","ITS barcode: KX885070 (alternative markers: BenA = KX885050; CaM = KX885060; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [391,"Penicillium saturniforme",2011,"","","soil, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium saturniforme (L. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB561958]. Basionym: Eupe- nicillium saturniforme L. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang Mycopathologia 167: 300. 2009. [MB541663]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Saturniformia. ","ITS barcode: EU644081 (alternative markers: BenA = EU644080; CaM = EU644062; RPB2 = JN121439). ",""], [392,"Penicillium scabrosum",1990,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium scabrosum Frisvad et al., Persoonia 14: 177. 1990. [MB136735]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Scabrosa. ","ITS barcode: DQ267906 (alternative markers: BenA = DQ285610; CaM = FJ530987; RPB2 = JN406541). ",""], [393,"Penicillium sclerotigenum",1955,"unrecorded in NZ","","plant path, yams, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdftoxins, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium sclerotigenum W. Yamam., Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ Agric. 1: 69. 1955. [MB302424]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Sclerotigena. ","ITS barcode: AF033470 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674393; CaM = KU896850; RPB2 = JN406652). ",""], [394,"Penicillium sclerotiorum",1937,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil and other substrates, doi.org/10.3114/sim.2011.70.03","present in NZ +","","Penicillium sclerotiorum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Para- sitenk., Abt. 2 96: 418. 1937. [MB277708]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN626132 (alternative markers: BenA = JN626001; CaM = JN626044; RPB2 = JN406585). ",""], [395,"Penicillium senticosum",1968,"present in NZ","","soil, protologue","present in NZ +","","Penicillium senticosum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 5. 1968. [MB335764]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Eladia, ser. Eladia. ","ITS barcode: KC411733 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834490; CaM = MN969296; RPB2 = MN969136). ",""], [396,"Penicillium setosum",2018,"","","Withania roots, protologue","","","Penicillium setosum Tijith et al., Mycology 10: 55. 2018. [MB818581]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: KT852579 (alternative markers: BenA = MF184995; CaM = MH105905; RPB2 = MH016196). ","Invalid, IF"], [397,"Penicillium shearii",1967,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium shearii Stolk & D.B. Scott, Persoonia 4: 396. 1967. [MB335765]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Sheariorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944606 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606840; CaM = EU644068; RPB2 = JN121482). ",""], [398,"Penicillium shennongjianum",1988,"unrecorded in NZ","","mouldy peas, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium shennongjianum [as “shennonghianum”] H.Z. Kong & Z.T. Qi, Mycosystema 1: 110. 1988. [MB587562]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Cinnamopurpurea, ser. Nodula. ","ITS barcode: KC411705 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834491; CaM = AY678561; RPB2 = JN121458). ",""], [399,"Penicillium simile",2012,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium simile Davolos et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 62: 457. 2012. [MB509645]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Raistrickiorum. ","ITS barcode: FJ376592 (alternative markers: BenA = FJ376595; CaM = GQ979710; RPB2 = MN969137). ",""], [400,"Penicillium simplicissimum",1930,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","toxin, Frisvad 1989; reported from onion but ID non-molecular, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; Falloon 1985, ryegrass seeds in NZ, morphological ID","present in NZ +","","Penicillium simplicissimum (Oudem.) Thom, Penicillia: 335. 1930. [MB278201]. Basionym: Spicaria simplicissima Oudem., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 2: 763. 1902. [MB245011]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981588 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981632; CaM = MN969297; RPB2 = JN121507). ",""], [401,"Penicillium sinaicum",1982,"unrecorded in NZ","","marine sludge, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium sinaicum Udagawa & S. Ueda, Mycotaxon 14: 266. 1982. [MB110862]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Crustacea. ","ITS barcode: JX997090 (alternative markers: BenA = KU896818; CaM = JX996970; RPB2 = JN406587). ",""], [402,"Penicillium singorense",2014,"","","house dust, protologue","","","Penicillium singorense Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 119. 2014. [MB809182]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divar- icata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: KJ775674 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ775167; CaM = KJ775403; RPB2 = MN969138). ",""], [403,"Penicillium sizovae",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil and other substrates, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-010-0047-z","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium sizovae Baghd., Novosti Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 1968: 103. 1968. [MB335767]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","ITS barcode: GU944588 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944535; CaM = MN969298; RPB2 = JN606603). ",""], [404,"Penicillium skrjabinii",1974,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium skrjabinii Schmotina & Golovleva, Mikol. Fitopatol. 8: 530. 1974. [MB319296]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981576 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981626; CaM = MN969299; RPB2 = EU427252). ",""], [405,"Penicillium smithii",1982,"unrecorded in NZ","","Secale cereale, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium smithii Quintan., Av. Aliment. Majora Anim. 23: 340. 1982. [MB114173]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: KC411723 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834492; CaM = KP016806; RPB2 = JN406589). ",""], [406,"Penicillium soliforme",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium soliforme L. Cai et al., Cladistics 35: 540. 2018 [2019]. [MB818158]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: KY495038 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495147; CaM = MN969337; RPB2 = KY495047). ",""], [407,"Penicillium solitum",1911,"unrecorded in NZ","","pathogen, apples; Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020; apples, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf; toxin, Frisvad 1989; toxin in spoiled food, 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.11.025","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium solitum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 65. 1911. [MB206172]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: AY373932 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969398; CaM = KU896851; RPB2 = KU904363). ",""], [408,"Penicillium soosanum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium soosanum Kub\u0001atov\u0001a et al., Mycol. Prog. 18 (1-2): 223. 2018. [MB824353]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Oxalica. ","ITS barcode: FJ430745 (alternative markers: BenA = FM865811; CaM = LT970913; RPB2 = LT797561). ",""], [409,"Penicillium soppii",1927,"unrecorded in NZ","","toxin, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium soppii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Cl. Sci. Math., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 476. 1927. [MB121424]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Soppiorum. ","ITS barcode: AF033488 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969399; CaM = KJ867002; RPB2 = JN406606). ",""], [410,"Penicillium spathulatum",2013,"","","soil and stored foods, protologue","","","Penicillium spathulatum Frisvad & Samson, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 339: 88. 2013. [MB492650]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Buchwaldiorum. ","ITS barcode: JX313165 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969400; CaM = JX313149; RPB2 = JN406636). ",""], [411,"Penicillium speluncae",2020,"","","Series Camembertiorum. Species typically occur on proteinaceous and lipid-containing foods, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium speluncae Visagie & N. Yilmaz, Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 10. 2020. [MB828614]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Camembertiorum. ","ITS barcode: MG490869 (alternative markers: BenA = MG490889; CaM = MG490959; RPB2 = MN170741). ",""], [412,"Penicillium spinuliferum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium spinuliferum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 542. 2018 [2019]. [MB818153]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KY495040 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495149; CaM = MN969338; RPB2 = KY495090). ",""], [413,"Penicillium spinulosum",1910,"present in NZ","animal path (opportunistic)","toxin; soil and litter, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; toxin, Frisvad 1989; isolated from onion bulbs, Dugan 2019","present in NZ +","COX1 EF180401","Penicillium spinulosum Thom, U.S.D.A. Bur. Animal Industr. Bull. 118: 76. 1910. [MB215401]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Spinulosa. ","ITS barcode: AF033410 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834493; CaM = GQ367524; RPB2 = JN406558). ",""], [414,"Penicillium steckii",1927,"unrecorded in NZ","","non-toxic?; soil and other substrates, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-010-0047-z; animal pathogen PMCID: PMC187226; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium steckii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 469. 1927. [MB278769]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","ITS barcode: GU944597 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944522; CaM = MN969300; RPB2 = JN606602). ",""], [415,"Penicillium sterculiniicola",2014,"","","soil etc., protologue","present in NZ","ITS KM189467; btub KM088699","Penicillium sterculiniicola Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 436. 2014 [MB809973]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Spinulosa. ","ITS barcode: KM189464 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088693; CaM = KM089078; RPB2 = KM089465). ",""], [416,"Penicillium stolkiae",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium stolkiae D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 8. 1968. [MB335768]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Stolkia, ser. Stolkia. ","ITS barcode: AF033444 (alternative markers: BenA = JN617717; CaM = AF481135; RPB2 = JN121488). ",""], [417,"Penicillium striatisporum",1969,"unrecorded in NZ","","Acacia litter, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium striatisporum Stolk, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 35: 268. 1969. [MB335769]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF038938 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969401; CaM = KP016807; RPB2 = JN406538). ",""], [418,"Penicillium subarcticum",2002,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium subarcticum S.W. Peterson & Sigler, Mycol. Res. 106: 1116. 2002. [MB483983]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Stolkia, ser. Stolkia. ","ITS barcode: AF481120 (alternative markers: BenA = JN617716; CaM = AF481141; RPB2 = MN969139). ",""], [419,"Penicillium sublectaticum",2014,"","","saprobe, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","present in NZ","ITS KJ775677; btub KJ775170","Penicillium sublectaticum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 436. 2014. [MB809974]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Sublectatica. ","ITS barcode: KM189761 (alternative markers: BenA = KM089010; CaM = KM089397; RPB2 = KM089784). ",""], [420,"Penicillium subrubescens",2013,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium subrubescens Houbraken et al., Antonie van Leeu- wenhoek 103: 1354. 2013. [MB801306]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: KC346350 (alternative markers: BenA = KC346327; CaM = KC346330; RPB2 = KC346306). ",""], [421,"Penicillium subspinulosum",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium subspinulosum Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 436. 2014. [MB809975]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Spinulosa. ","ITS barcode: KM189483 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088719; CaM = KM089104; RPB2 = KM089491). ",""], [422,"Penicillium subturcoseum",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium subturcoseum Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 105. 2016. [MB811008]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Corylophila. ","ITS barcode: FJ231006 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141161; CaM = JX157532; RPB2 = KP064674). ",""], [423,"Penicillium sucrivorum",2014,"","","mite on flower, protologue","","","Penicillium sucrivorum Visagie & K. Jacobs, Mycologia 106: 546. 2014. [MB804723]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JX140872 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141015; CaM = JX141506; RPB2 = MN969140). ",""], [424,"Penicillium sumatraense",1936,"","","plant pathogen; Houbracken - been reported to produce a blue mould rot of Vitus vinifera and Sparassis crispa (Mahdian & Zafari 2016, Liu et al. 2018b) ","","","Penicillium sumatraense [as “sumatrense”] Szilvinyi, Archiv. Hydrobiol.14 Suppl. 6: 535. 1936. [MB319297]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Sumatraensia. ","ITS barcode: GU944578 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606639; CaM = MN969301; RPB2 = EF198541). ",""], [425,"Penicillium svalbardense",2007,"","","glacial ice, protologue","","","Penicillium svalbardense Frisvad et al., Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 92: 48. 2007. [MB529943]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU981603 (alternative markers: BenA = DQ486644; CaM = KC346338; RPB2 = KF296457). ",""], [426,"Penicillium swiecickii",1927,"","","soil, protologue","present in NZ","ITS KJ775695; btub KJ775188","Penicillium swiecickii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 474. 1927. [MB534781]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Lanosa. ","ITS barcode: AF033490 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834494; CaM = KJ866993; RPB2 = JN406635). ",""], [427,"Penicillium synnematicola",2020,"","","dung, protologue","","","Penicillium synnematicola Guevara-Suarez et al., Fungal Syst. Evol. 5: 62. 2020. [MB822072]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Glandicolarum. ","ITS barcode: LT898167 (alternative markers: BenA = LT898172; CaM = LT898137; RPB2 = LT898142). ",""], [428,"Penicillium taiwanense",2011,"","","Musa litter, protologue","","","Penicillium taiwanense (Matsushima) Houbraken & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 70: 48. 2011. [MB561969]. Basionym: Phialomyces taiwa- nensis Matsush., Matsushima Mycological Memoirs 4: 12. 1985. [MB105680]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: n.a. (alternative markers: BenA = n.a.; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [429,"Penicillium tanzanicum",2016,"","","soil on termite mound, protologue","","","Penicillium tanzanicum Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 278. 2016. [MB815781]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: KT887841 (alternative markers: BenA = KT887802; CaM = KT887763; RPB2 = MN969183). ",""], [430,"Penicillium tardochrysogenum",2012,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium tardochrysogenum Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 93. 2012. [MB801877]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997028 (alternative markers: BenA = JX996898; CaM = JX996239; RPB2 = JX996634). ",""], [431,"Penicillium taurinense",2020,"","","air sample, protologue","","","Penicillium taurinense S. Prencipe, Houbraken & D. Spadaro","ser. Glandicolarum. based on btub BLAST","ITS barcode: MF595981 (alternative markers: BenA = MF595977; CaM = MF595979; RPB2 = MT253108). ",""], [432,"Penicillium taxi",1956,"","","litter, protologue","","","Penicillium taxi R. Schneid., Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 110: 43. 1956. [MB282799]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Thysanophora, ser. Thysanophora. ","ITS barcode: KJ834517 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834495; CaM = MN969302; RPB2 = JN121454). ",""], [433,"Penicillium terrarumae",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium terrarumae Houbraken et al., Phytotaxa 273: 170. 2016. [MB801431]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: MN431397 (alternative markers: BenA = KX650295; CaM = MN969323; RPB2 = MN969185). ",""], [434,"Penicillium terrenum",1968,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium terrenum D.B. Scott, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 36: 1. 1968. [MB335771]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: AM992111 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834496; CaM = KP016808; RPB2 = JN406577). ",""], [435,"Penicillium terrigenum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium terrigenum Seifert et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 125. 2011. [MB563204]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Copticolarum. ","ITS barcode: JN617684 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606810; CaM = JN606583; RPB2 = JN606600). ",""], [436,"Penicillium thiersii",2004,"","","saprobic, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium thiersii S.W. Peterson et al., Mycologia 96: 1283. 2004. [MB487738]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thiersiorum. ","ITS barcode: AF125936 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834497; CaM = AY741726; RPB2 = JN121434). ",""], [437,"Penicillium thomii",1917,"present in NZ","","soil etc, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002; [isolated from disease rice, Abe 1956]","present in NZ +","","Penicillium thomii Maire, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 8: 189. 1917. [MB202819]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189560 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088799; CaM = KM089184; RPB2 = KM089571). ",""], [438,"Penicillium thymicola",2004,"","","protologue, Thymus; Species are associated with stored cereal grains (P. verrucosum) and dried or salted meat products; they can also grow on cheese, Houbracken 2020","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium thymicola Frisvad & Samson, Stud. Mycol. 49: 29. 2004. [MB370969]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Verrucosa. ","ITS barcode: KJ834518 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969402; CaM = FJ530990; RPB2 = KU904364). ",""], [439,"Penicillium tricolor",1994,"unrecorded in NZ","","toxins, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; cereal spoilage, toxins, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium tricolor Frisvad et al., Canad. J. Bot. 72: 937. 1994. [MB541710]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: JN942704 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969403; CaM = KU896852; RPB2 = JN985422). ","aurantiogriseum complex, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [440,"Penicillium tropicoides",2010,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium tropicoides Houbraken et al., Fungal Divers. 44: 127. 2010. [MB518293]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","ITS barcode: GU944584 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944531; CaM = MN969303; RPB2 = JN606608). ",""], [441,"Penicillium tropicum",2010,"","","soil (tropics), protologue","","","Penicillium tropicum Houbraken et al., Fungal Divers. 44: 129. 2010. [MB518294]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Citrina. ","ITS barcode: GU944582 (alternative markers: BenA = GU944532; CaM = MN969304; RPB2 = JN606607). ",""], [442,"Penicillium trzebinskii",1927,"","","soil and litter, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium trzebinskii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 498. 1927. [MB280795]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Spinulosa.","ITS barcode: KM189784 (alternative markers: BenA = KM089034; CaM = KM089421; RPB2 = KM089808). ",""], [443,"Penicillium tsitsikammaense",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium tsitsikammaense Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 440. 2014. [MB809976]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189451 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088675; CaM = KM089060; RPB2 = KM089447). ",""], [444,"Penicillium tubakianum",2016,"","","Cyathea litter, saprobe, protologue","present in NZ","","Penicillium tubakianum Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB808270]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303652 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303611; CaM = KF303637; RPB2 = KF303712). ",""], [445,"Penicillium tularense",1971,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium tularense Paden, Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 43: 264. 1971. [MB319298]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Brevicompacta, ser. Tularensia. ","ITS barcode: AF033487 (alternative markers: BenA = KC427175; CaM = JX313135; RPB2 = JN121516). ",""], [446,"Penicillium tulipae",2003,"","","plant pathogen; toxin - MPI regard as present in NZ; assoc with mouldy bulbs, DOI: 10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.4.176; toxin noted in protologue https://doi.org/10.1078/072320203770865945; Sect Corymbifera, see Notes; toxins ['tremorgin, acutely toxic'] https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; bulb pathogen, Overy & Frisvad 2003","present in NZ","btub, unpublished from MPI","Penicillium tulipae Overy & Frisvad, Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 26: 634. 2003. [MB488954]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: KJ834519 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969404; CaM = MN969305; RPB2 = MN969141). ",""], [447,"Penicillium tunisiense",2018,"","","apple fruit, non-toxic protologue,https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.002962","","","Penicillium tunisiense S. Ouhibi et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 68: 3224. 2018. [MB823626]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Soppiorum. ","ITS barcode: MG586956 (alternative markers: BenA = MG586970; CaM = MG586974; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [448,"Penicillium turbatum",1911,"unrecorded in NZ","","Taxus litter, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium turbatum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 128. 1911. [MB202895]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Turbata, ser. Turbata. ","ITS barcode: AF034454 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834499; CaM = KU896853; RPB2 = JN406556). ",""], [449,"Penicillium turcosoconidiatum",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium turcosoconidiatum Visagie et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 440. 2014. [MB809977]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Pinetorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189645 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088889; CaM = KM089276; RPB2 = KM089663). ",""], [450,"Penicillium ubiquetum",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium ubiquetum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 127. 2011. [MB563201]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617680 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606800; CaM = MN969306; RPB2 = MN969142). ",""], [451,"Penicillium ulaiense",1987,"unrecorded in NZ","","plant pathogen; toxin - whisker mould citrus; DOI: 10.4489/MYCO.2006.34.4.176; toxin production mentioned in protolgue https://doi.org/10.1078/072320203770865945; citrus, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf","occurence uncertain","","Penicillium ulaiense H.M. Hsieh et al., Trans. Mycol. Soc. Rep. China 2: 161. 1987. [MB126489]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Penicillium, ser. Italica. ","ITS barcode: KC411695 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674408; CaM = KU896854; RPB2 = KU904365). ","[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium_ulaiense note as present in NZ]"], [452,"Penicillium uruguayense",2017,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium uruguayense Guevara-Suarez et al., Persoonia 39: 323. 2017. [MB822920]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella. ","ITS barcode: LT904729 (alternative markers: BenA = LT904699; CaM = LT904698; RPB2 = MN969200). ",""], [453,"Penicillium vagum",2014,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium vagum Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 78: 443. 2014. [MB809978]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Longicatenata. ","ITS barcode: KM189642 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088886; CaM = KM089273; RPB2 = KM089660). ",""], [454,"Penicillium valentinum",1980,"","","air and soil, doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.09.002","","","Penicillium valentinum C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 72: 183. 1980. [MB113027]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189550 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088788; CaM = KM089173; RPB2 = KM089560). ",""], [455,"Penicillium vallebormidaense",2020,"","","compost, protologue","","","Penicillium vallebormidaense Houbraken & Di Piazza","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia based on Btub BLAST","ITS barcode: MT316359 (alternative markers: BenA = MW115862; CaM = MW115863; RPB2 = MW115864). ","not treated by Houbracken 2020"], [456,"Penicillium vancouverense",2011,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium vancouverense Houbraken et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 131. 2011. [MB563207]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617675 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606663; CaM = MN969307; RPB2 = MN969143). ",""], [457,"Penicillium vanderhammenii",2011,"unrecorded in NZ","","litter and soil saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium vanderhammenii Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1473. 2011. [MB518027]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: GU981574 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981647; CaM = MN969308; RPB2 = KF296458). ",""], [458,"Penicillium vanluykii",2012,"","","cave (air?), protologue","","","Penicillium vanluykii Frisvad et al., Persoonia 29: 97. 2012. [MB801878]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Chrysogena, ser. Chrysogena. ","ITS barcode: JX997007 (alternative markers: BenA = JX996879; CaM = JX996220; RPB2 = JX996615). ",""], [459,"Penicillium vanoranjei",2013,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium vanoranjei Visagie et al., Persoonia 31: 46. 2013. [MB803782]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: KC695696 (alternative markers: BenA = KC695686; CaM = KC695691; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [460,"Penicillium variratense",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium variratense Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB808271]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303649 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303610; CaM = KF303630; RPB2 = KF303675). ",""], [461,"Penicillium vasconiae",1980,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium vasconiae C. Ramírez & A.T. Martínez, Mycopathologia 72: 189. 1980. [MB113028]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU981599 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981653; CaM = MN969309; RPB2 = MN969144). ",""], [462,"Penicillium vascosobrinhous",2020,"","","endophyte, protologue","","","Penicillium vascosobrinhous R.N. Barbosa & J.D.P. Bezerra, Acta Bot. Bras. 2020. [MB833816]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Euglauca. ","ITS barcode: LR744067 (alternative markers: BenA = LR744069; CaM = LR744063; RPB2 = LR744065). ",""], [463,"Penicillium velutinum",1935,"unrecorded in NZ","","human sputum; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium velutinum J.F.H. Beyma, Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenk., Abt. 2 91: 353. 1935. [MB283175]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: AF033448 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141170; CaM = MT478037; RPB2 = KP064682). ",""], [464,"Penicillium venetum",2000,"","","plant pathogen, garlic, onion, tulip, etc, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; Iris, toxins but rare in food, https://www.studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article1.pdf","","","Penicillium venetum (Frisvad) Frisvad, Int. Mod. Meth. Pen. Asp. Clas.: 275. 2000. [MB459816]. Basionym: Penicillium hirsutum var. venetum Frisvad, Mycologia 81: 856. 1990. [MB126414]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Corymbifera. ","ITS barcode: AJ005485 (alternative markers: BenA = AY674335; CaM = KU896855; RPB2 = KU904366). ",""], [465,"Penicillium verhagenii",2014,"","","soil etc., protologue","","","Penicillium verhagenii Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 443. 2014. [MB809979]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Verhageniorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189708 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088955; CaM = KM089342; RPB2 = KM089729). ",""], [466,"Penicillium verrucisporum",2017,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium verrucisporum X.C. Wang & W.Y. Zhuang, Sci. Rep. 7: 8233, 10. 2017. [MB570339]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Herqueorum. ","ITS barcode: KX885069 (alternative markers: BenA = KX885049; CaM = KX885059; RPB2 = KX885040). ",""], [467,"Penicillium verrucosum",1901,"unrecorded in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","Species are associated with stored cereal grains e.g. used for stock food, and dried or salted meat products; they can also grow on cheese, Houbracken 2020; mycotoxin https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf; https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; toxin, Frisvad 1989; apple blue mould http://treefruit.wsu.edu/crop-protection/disease-management/blue-mold/","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium verrucosum Dierckx, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles 25: 88. 1901. [MB212252]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Verrucosa. ","ITS barcode: AY373938 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969405; CaM = DQ911138; RPB2 = JN121539). ",""], [468,"Penicillium vinaceum",1927,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium vinaceum J.C. Gilman & E.V. Abbott, Iowa St. Coll. J. Sci. 1: 299. 1927. [MB281754]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Erubescentia. ","ITS barcode: AF033461 (alternative markers: BenA = HQ646575; CaM = HQ646586; RPB2 = JN406555). ",""], [469,"Penicillium virgatum",2005,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium virgatum Nirenberg & Kwasna, Mycol. Res. 109: 977. 2005. [MB341488]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Ramosum, ser. Virgata. ","ITS barcode: AJ748692 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834500; CaM = KJ866992; RPB2 = JN406641). ",""], [470,"Penicillium viridicatum",1911,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","not plant pathogen? non-toxic? mistakenly reported as garlic pathogen; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2006.01411.x; toxin, food spoilage, https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/43149/Louw_Pathogenicity_2014.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y; cereal spoilage, toxins, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8; non-toxic, Frisvad 1989; grapes Pitt & Hosking 2009","present in NZ","","Penicillium viridicatum Westling, Ark. Bot. 11: 88. 1911. [MB163349]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Fasciculata, ser. Viridicata. ","ITS barcode: AY373939 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969406; CaM = KU896856; RPB2 = JN121511). ","aurantiogriseum complex, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80466-8"], [471,"Penicillium viridissimum",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium viridissimum L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 543. 2018 [2019]. [MB818160]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: KY495004 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495113; CaM = MN969339; RPB2 = KY495059). ",""], [472,"Penicillium viticola",2011,"","","soil and grapes, doi:10.3114/sim.2011.70.03","","","Penicillium viticola Nonaka & Masuma, Mycoscience 52: 339. 2011. [MB516048]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Sclerotiorum, ser. Sclerotiorum. ","ITS barcode: AB606414 (alternative markers: BenA = AB540174; CaM = n.a.; RPB2 = n.a.). ",""], [473,"Penicillium vulpinum",1986,"present in NZ","Animal path (toxin)","beet path, possibly dodgy taxonomy, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197; toxins, https://studiesinmycology.org/sim/Sim49/Sim49Article3.pdf","present in NZ +","","Penicillium vulpinum (Cooke & Massee) Seifert & Samson, Adv. Pen. Asp. Syst.: 144. 1986 [1985]. [MB114763]. Basionym: Coremium vulpinum Cooke & Massee, Grevillea 16: 81. 1888. [MB183683]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Robsamsonia, ser. Claviformia. ","ITS barcode: AF506012 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ834501; CaM = KU896857; RPB2 = KU904367). ","the dung inhabiting P. claviforme a synonym, common in lit, https://doi.org/10.5248/134.197"], [474,"Penicillium waksmanii",1927,"present in NZ","","soil, protologue","present in NZ +","btub JN606780","Penicillium waksmanii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat.: 468. 1927. [MB121677]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944602 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606779; CaM = MN969310; RPB2 = JN606627). ",""], [475,"Penicillium wellingtonense",2011,"","","soil, protologue","present in NZ","ITS JN617713; btub JN606670","Penicillium wellingtonense A.L.J. Cole et al., Stud. Mycol. 70: 133. 2011. [MB563208]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: JN617713 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606670; CaM = MN969311; RPB2 = JN606616). ",""], [476,"Penicillium westlingii",1927,"","","soil, protologue; toxin, Frisvad 1989","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium westlingii K.W. Zaleski, Bull. Int. Acad. Polon. Sci., Ser. B., Sci. Nat. 1927: 473. 1927. [MB282076]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Citrina, ser. Westlingiorum. ","ITS barcode: GU944601 (alternative markers: BenA = JN606718; CaM = MN969312; RPB2 = JN606625). ",""], [477,"Penicillium williamettense",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium williamettense Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB808272]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303667 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303622; CaM = KF303639; RPB2 = KF303709). ",""], [478,"Penicillium wisconsinense",2016,"","","saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium wisconsinense Visagie & Samson, Persoonia 36: 151. 2016. [MB808273]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KF303670 (alternative markers: BenA = KF303624; CaM = KF303641; RPB2 = KF303706). ",""], [479,"Penicillium wollemiicola",2016,"","","liltter saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium wollemiicola Visagie et al., Persoonia 36: 153. 2016. [MB808274]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Torulomyces, ser. Torulomyces. ","ITS barcode: KJ174314 (alternative markers: BenA = KJ174315; CaM = KJ174316; RPB2 = KJ174313). ",""], [480,"Penicillium wotroi",2011,"","","liltter saprobe, protologue","","","Penicillium wotroi Houbraken et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 61: 1474. 2011. [MB518026]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Simplicissima. ","ITS barcode: GU981591 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981637; CaM = MN969313; RPB2 = KF296460). ",""], [481,"Penicillium xanthomelinii",2016,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium xanthomelinii Visagie & K. Jacobs, IMA Fungus 7: 105. 2016. [MB811009]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Exilicaulis, ser. Lapidosa. ","ITS barcode: JX140921 (alternative markers: BenA = JX141120; CaM = JX157495; RPB2 = KP064683). ",""], [482,"Penicillium yarmokense",1968,"","","soil, litter, Sect. Canescentia, Houbracken 2020","","","Penicillium yarmokense Baghd., Novosti Sist. Nizsh. Rast. 5: 99. 1968. [MB335774]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Penicillium, sect. Canescentia, ser. Canescentia.","ITS barcode: KC411757 (alternative markers: BenA = MN969407; CaM = MN969314; RPB2 = JN406553). ",""], [483,"Penicillium yezoense",2014,"","","soil etc., protologue","","","Penicillium yezoense Hanzawa ex Houbraken, Stud. Mycol. 78: 443. 2014. [MB809980]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Thomiorum. ","ITS barcode: KM189553 (alternative markers: BenA = KM088792; CaM = KM089177; RPB2 = KM089564). ",""], [484,"Penicillium yunnanense",2018,"","","soil, protologue","","","Penicillium yunnanense L. Cai & X.Z. Jiang, Cladistics 35: 545. 2018 [2019]. [MB818163]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Janthinella.","ITS barcode: KY494990 (alternative markers: BenA = KY495099; CaM = MN969340; RPB2 = KY495048). ",""], [485,"Penicillium zhuangii",2014,"","","betula leaves, protologue","","","Penicillium zhuangii L. Wang, PLoS ONE 9: e101454, 4. 2014. [MB805945]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Aspergilloides, ser. Hoeksiorum. ","ITS barcode: KF769435 (alternative markers: BenA = KF769411; CaM = KF769422; RPB2 = MN969145). ",""], [486,"Penicillium zonatum",1973,"unrecorded in NZ","","soil, protologue","unrecorded in NZ","","Penicillium zonatum Hodges & J.J. Perry, Mycologia 65: 697. 1973. [MB319303]. ","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Dalearum. ","ITS barcode: GU981581 (alternative markers: BenA = GU981651; CaM = MN969315; RPB2 = KF296461). ",""], [487,"Penicillium rotoruae",2020,"","","timber saprobe, protolgue","present in NZ","ITS MN315103; btub MN315104","Penicillium rotoruae O'Callahan & Vaidya, in O'Callahan, Vaidya, Donaldson & Singh, Curr. Microbiol. 77: 4131 (2020)","Infragen. class: subgen. Aspergilloides, sect. Lanata-Divaricata, ser. Rolfsiorum. , based on Btub BLAST","ITS barcode: MN315103 (alternative markers: BenA = MN315104; CaM = MN315102; RPB2 = MT240842). ","not treated by Houbracken 2020"] ]}